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Adv. Bio Ch 23

TermDefinition
Genetic Variation Differences among individuals in the composition of their genes or other DNA segments.
Mutation A change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism’s DNA or in the DNA or RNA of a virus.
Gene Pool The aggregate of all copies of every type of allele at all loci in every individual in a population.
Population A group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring.
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium The state of a population in which frequencies of alleles and genotypes remain constant from generation to generation, provided that only Mendelian segregation and recombination of alleles are at work.
Adaptive Evolution Evolution that results in a better match between organisms and their environment.
Genetic Drift A process in which chance events cause unpredictable fluctuations in allele frequencies from one generation to the next.
Gene Flow The transfer of alleles from one population to another, resulting from the movement of fertile individuals or their gametes.
Directional Selection Natural selection in which individuals at one end of the phenotypic range survive or reproduce more successfully than do other individuals.
Disruptive Selection Natural selection in which individuals on both extremes of a phenotypic range survive or reproduce more successfully than do individuals with intermediate phenotypes.
Stabilizing Selection Natural selection in which intermediate phenotypes survive or reproduce more successfully than do extreme phenotypes.
Sexual Selection A form of natural selection in which individuals with certain inherited characteristics are more likely than other individuals to obtain mates.
Created by: Mr.Devine
 

 



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