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Mental Health Ch 2
Exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| akathisia | Intense need to move about; characterized by restless movement, pacing, inability to remain still, and the client's report of inner restlessness |
| Antidepressant Drugs | Primarily used in the tx of major depressive illness, anxiety disorders, the depressed phase of bipolar disorder, and psychotic depression. |
| Antipsychotic drugs | also known as neuroleptics; used to treat the symptoms of psychosis such as delusions and hallucinations seen in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and manic phase of bipolar. |
| Anxiolytic drugs | used to treat anxiety and anxiety disorders, insomnia, OCD, depression, PTSD, and alcohol withdrawal |
| Black box warning | medication package inserts must have a highlighted box, separate from the text, that contains a warning about the life threatening or otherwise serious effects of the medication |
| computed tomography | a diagnostic procedure in which a precise x-ray beam takes cross-sectional images (slices) layer by layer |
| Depot injection | A slow-release, injectable form of antipsychotic medication for maintenance therapy. |
| Dystonia | extrapyramidal side effects to antipsychotic meds; includes acute muscular rigidity and cramping, a stiff or thick tongue with difficulty swallowing, and in severe cases, laryngospasm and respiratory difficulties; also called dystonic reactions. |
| Efficacy | Refers to the maximal therapeutic effect a drug can achieve. |
| Epinephrine | derivative of norepinephrine, the most prevalent neurotransmitter in the nervous system, located primarily in the brain stem, and plays a roll in changes in attention, learning and memory, sleep and wakefulness, and mood regulation. |
| extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs) | Neuro side effects of antipsychotic meds that are drug and dose related; treated with anticholinergic medications; includes dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia |
| Half life | the time it takes for half of the drug to be eliminated from the bloodstreem |
| kindling process | the snowball-like effect seen when a minor seizure activity seems to build up to more frequent and severe seizures. |
| Limbic system | an area of the brain located above the brain stem that includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala. |
| Magnetic resonance imaging | Diagnostic test used to visualize soft tissue structures; energy field is created with a magnet and radio waves and then converted into a visual image |
| Mood-stabilizing drugs | used to treat bipolar disorder by stabilizing the clients mood, preventing or minimizing the highs and lows that characterize bipolar illness, and treating acute episodes of mania |
| Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) | A potentially fatal, idiosyncratic reaction to an antipsychotic drug |
| noreinephrine | the most prevalent neurotransmitter in the nervous system |
| off-label use | a drug will prove effective for a disease that differs from the one involved in original testing and FDA approval |
| Positron emission tomography (PET) | a diagnostic test used to examine the function of the brain by monitoring the flow of radioactive substances that are injected into the bloodstream |
| postinjection delirium/sedation syndrome (PDSS) | cluster of symptoms, such as slurred speech, confusion, sedation, altered gait, or unconsciousness that result from accidental intravascular injection of a portion of olanzapine (zyprexa) |
| potency | describes the amount of a drug needed to achieve maximum effect |
| pseudoparkinsonism | A type of EPSs of antipsychotic medication; drug induced parkinsonism; includes shuffling gait, masklike faces, muscle stiffness, cogwheel rigidity, drooling, akinesia. |
| Psychoimmunology | Examines the effect of psychosocial stressors on the body's immune system. |
| psychopharmacology | Examines the effect of psychosocial stressors on the body's immune system |
| psychotropic drugs | drugs that affect mood, behavior, thinking that are used to treat mental illness |
| rebound | temporary return of symptoms; may be more intense than original symptoms |
| serotonin | a neurotransmitter found only in the brain |
| serotonin syndrome | potentially life threatening disorder called serotonergic syndrome; characterized by agitation, sweating, fever, tachy, hypotension, rigidity, hyperreflexia, confusion, coma, death. |
| single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) | a diagnostic test used to examine the function of the brain by following the flow of an injected radioactive substance |
| stimulant drugs | drugs that stimulate or excite the central nervous system |
| tardive dyskinesia (TD) | A late-onset, irreversible neuro side effect of antipsychotic meds; characterized by abnormal, involuntary, movements. Lip smacking, tongue protrusion, chewing, blinking, grimacing, and choreiform movements of limbs and feet. |
| Withdrawal | New symptoms resulting from discontinuation of drug or substance |
Created by:
Snmichaelsn
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