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Layers of Earth

6.10A LAYERS OF THE EARTH

TermDefinition
INNER CORE Sphere of solid nickel & iron at the center of Earth; surrounded by liquid outer core.
OUTER CORE Outer layer of Earth’s core; surrounds inner core; made of liquid nickel & iron.
MANTLE Solid layer of Earth between the crust & core; made of dense silicates.
CRUST Thin, solid outermost layer of Earth; made of less dense silicates; either continental (landmasses) or oceanic (ocean floors).
LITHOSPHERE Cool, rigid, outermost layer of Earth that consists of the crust & uppermost part of the mantle; broken into pieces or segments called plates; litho = rock.
ASTHENOSPHERE Solid layer with plasticity in upper mantle located just below the lithosphere; lithospheric plates “float” & move on this layer; astheno = weak.
PLASTICITY Characteristic of the material in the asthenosphere; existing in solid state yet having the ability to flow without being a liquid.
EARTH'S LAYERS Divisions of the composition of Earth determined by either chemical composition or by physical state of matter.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION Types, quantities, & arrangements of elements that make up a substance.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Measurable characteristics that describe physical state of something, including mass, magnetism, temperature, density, shape, volume, & conductivity.
TEMPERATURE Measure of the amount of heat energy.
STATES OF MATTER Distinct forms of matter known in everyday experience: solid, liquid, and gas; also referred to as phases of matter.
PRESSURE Force exerted on matter through contact with other matter; affects melting & boiling points.
DENSITY Amount of matter in a given space or volume; relationship between mass & volume; less dense matter will form layers above more dense matter.
Created by: trauberk
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