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Env Toxicology

QuestionAnswer
Define pharmacology. The study of drug action.
Define toxicology. The study of chemicals which exert adverse effects from unintentional exposure.
What is a drug? A chemical which exerts a usually beneficial effect on a living organism.
Dose is usually expressed as what in environmental toxicology? Exposure.
Define toxicodynamics. The site and mechanism of the toxic effect.
Define toxicokinetics. The movement of the toxic chemical. Includes: 1. Adsorption 2. Distribution 3. Storage 4. Metabolization 5. Excretion
What are xenobiotics? Chemicals foreign to the ecosystem, which are usually artificial.
Who was Paracelsus? The father of toxicology
Summary of the pre-paracelsus era. Characterization and cataloguing.
Summary of the paracelsus era. Dose concept; good and bad effects not always related; scientific method.
What post-paracelsus event led to the formation of environmental toxicology? the silent spring caused by DDT in 1962.
What is a descriptive toxicologist? They do dose testing
What is a mechanistic toxicologist? They study the mechanisms of toxic effects
What is a regulatory toxicologist? They use descriptive and mechanistic toxicology to manage risks
What is a phytotoxin? A toxin from a plant
Give an example of a phytotoxin. Yew trees produce taxol, which inhibits microtubule breakdown therefore stopping cell replication
What is a mycotoxin? A fungal toxin
Give an example of a mycotoxin. psilocybin from shrooms
What is a zootoxin? A toxin from an animal
Differentiate between the two types of zootoxins. Venom is for attack and poison is for defense
What is a bacteriotoxin? A toxin from a bacterium.
Give an example of a bacteriotoxin. Clostridium botulinum
Give two examples of xenobiotics DDT and TCE
What does DDT stand for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
Created by: swilson67
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