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Rock Types

6th Grade Earth Science

TermDefinition
Rock A combination of one or more minerals or organic matter.
Composition What something is made up of. (Example - The rock Granite's composition is silica minerals)
Texture The characteristics related to the grain size.
Intrusive Igneous Rock When magma pushes into surrounding rock below Earth's surface and cools.
Extrusive Igneous Rock When lava erupts onto Earth's surface and cools.
Clastic Sedimentary Rock Forms when sediments are buried, compacted, and cemented together by calcite or quartz.
Chemical Sedimentary Rock Forms when water, usually seawater, evaporates.
Organic Sedimentary Rock Forms from the remains, or fossils, of once-living plants and animals.
Foliation Process in which minerals are arranged in planes or bands.
Foliated Metamorphic Rock Formed when rock is exposed to high temperature and pressure, causing the rock's mineral grains to look like planes or bands.
Nonfoliated Metamorphic Rock Formed when rock is exposed to high temperature and pressure, where the mineral grains may change size or shape but don't arrange themselves into bands/planes.
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