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BJU Space/Earth 15
BJU - Space and Earth Science - Chapter 15 (4th edition)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| oceanographer | A scientist or engineer from almost any field who works to better understand and use the oceans. |
| Challenger expedition | First true oceanographic expedition, beg. in 1872 & lasting four years . It set the standard for all future oceanographic voyages until well into the 20th century. The expedition utilized a British warship, the HMS Challenger, modified for the voyage. |
| sounding | In earth science, a remotely measured physical quantity in the depths of the sea or in the heights of the atmosphere. Ships measured the depth of the oceans taking soundings with a line, or, in modern times, with sonar. |
| sonar | A form of artificial echolocation using soundwaves to measure distance; an acronum for sound navigation and ranging |
| diving bell | Lg. bell-shaped submersiblelowered from a ship to explore or work on sea bottom. Replenishing air in it was one of the most difficult problems in using this divice. |
| scuba | A diving system that permits a diver to carry a supply of air with him for extended periods underwater without any connection to the surface. It includes a tank of of compressed air strapped to the back of the diver. |
| mixed-gas diving | A diving system used for extremely deep dives that reduces the medical hazards of breathing normal air under high pressures. |
| underwater habitat | An underwater outpost that allows people to live and work on the ocean bottom for long periods of time without diving equipment. Two types of habitats possible: normal pressure requiring an air lock , or sea pressure permitting a moon pool entrance. |
| Bathysphere | The first deep-water manned submersible; consisted of a hollow steel ball that was equipped with windows and lowered and raised on a steel cable. |
| bathyscaphe | The earliest type of untethered deep-sea ocean exploration vehicle that provided a limited ability to explore the sea bottom. |
| Trieste | The deepest-diving manned submersible in history. |
| deep submerging vehicle (DSV) | A manned submersible designed to arry a small crew of three or more to extreme ocean depths for scientific research. DSVs allow on-the-spot observation & sample collection by human crews. |
| remotely operated vehicle (ROV) | An unmanned, tethered, robotic submersible used to work on the ocean bottom, especially on deep-sea oil wells and in shipwreck salvage operations. |
| autonomous undersea vehicle (AUV) | An unmanned, untethered submersible vehicle that uses artificial intelligence to control its operations. AUVs operate without any direct human control are useful as an economical means for long-term, deep-water data collection. |
| unmanned undersea vehicle (UUV) |
Created by:
marchscience
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