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Geology

6th Grade- Unit 3

QuestionAnswer
convection currents in the mantle, when a hot material that is less dense rises, cools, becomes more dense, and sinks
plate tectonics a theory that the Earth's surface is broken into plates that move
shield fluid lava flows, dome shape
cinder cone single vent, has crater, rise no more than 1,000 feet
strato or composite steep sided, symmetrical, may rise as much as 8,000
Alfred Wegener matching coastlines and same fossils on different continents; theory the continents drifted
Arthur Holmes fossils in Antarctica; theory the continents moved from convection currents
Harry Hess studied midocean ridges; theory the seafloor is spreading
mountains convergent boundaries; continental continental
earthquakes transform boundaries; oceanic oceanic
midocean ridges; volcanoes divergent boundaries; oceanic continental
conduit connected to/below the vent
# of Earth plates 15
Intrusive Igneous formed by cooling magma inside earth; slowly
Extrusive Igneous formed by cooling magma outside earth; quickly
Weathering wearing away of rock; due to water and wind
Erosion wearing of rock from one place to another
Sediments broken little pieces of rock
Sedimentary rock formed in layers of sand, dirt, plant, and animal remains
Metamorphic rock formed through heat and pressure
Igneous cooled off lava
relative dating when scientists compare the ages of rocks or fossils to one another
law of superpositons states that in undisturbed sedimentary rocks, the oldest rocks are on the bottom
law of crosscutting states that if a geological feature cuts across/through another rock layer, it is younger than the rock layer
streak when you scrape the mineral against a white tile to produce a chalky line
luster a minera's shininess
hardness the hardness; how easily the rock can be scratched
fault fractures in rocks caused by plates sliding past each other
fossil decomposed living features
lithosphere the crust and the rigid layer of the mantle connected to the crust
Created by: lea.geller
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