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muscoloskeletal
fractures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| serious comlication that results from internal and external pressure in the affected area. Edema into compartment resulting in pain and tissue damage. | compartment syndrome |
| pressure caused by bleeding or edema into a compartment | internal pressure |
| pressure caused by a cast or tight dressing | external pressure |
| irreversable muscle damage occurs | 4-6 hours |
| partial paralysis | 24 hours |
| complete paralysis occures in area | 24-48 hours |
| inproper alignment of the bone ends resulting in external deforminty | malunion |
| facture never heals(to much calcium, osteoporosis, Paget's disease) | nonunion |
| failure of the fracture to heal in the expected time. Treated with electrial stimulation, bine grafts and synthetic material that stimulates bone growth | delayed union |
| process of bringing the ends of the broken bone into proper alignment | reduction |
| nonsurgical realignment of the bones. May be done with traction, angulation, rotation of a combination. Cast is normally applied | closed reduction |
| surgical procedure where the bones are realigned. Ususally done in commuted fractures of open fractures | open reduction |
| an attempt to attach the fragments back together | fixation |
| includes the use of rods, pins, nails, screws, or metal plates | internal fixation |
| similar to internal fixation but the pins in teh bone are attached to an EXTERNAL frame | external fixation |
| fracture of the foot, ankle, or distal fibula of tibula | short leg cast |
| fracture of distal femur, knee, or lower leg | long leg cast |
| fractures of the femur, acetabulum or pelvis | hip spica cast |
| fracture of wrist or hand | short arm cast |
| fracture of the forearm, slbow or humerous | long arm cast |
| used in hip and knee fractures | buck's traction |
| elevates the knee | russell's traction |
| used for long amounts of time...ex. Gardner-Wells, Crutchfield, Vinke tongs and halo vest | skeletal traction |