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Zoo Ch 6
Porifera p111-120
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| porifera | pore bearerloose collection of cellssessile |
| sessile | attached |
| simplest multicellular animal | sponges |
| sponges are believed to share ancestors with what | choanoflagellates |
| what type of feeders are sponges | filter feeders |
| what type of organs and organ system | none |
| incipient tissues | on the verge of having tissues |
| gelatinous | jelly like materialthat sponges are embedded in |
| mesohyl | hard skeletal surface that sponges are embedded in |
| body type of sponge | assymetrical, some radial symmetry, assymorphis cells |
| porifera size | from grain of rice to 6' tall and 6' in diameter |
| types of cells | pinacocytes, choanocytes, amebocytes |
| pinacocytes | flattened cells, covers outside of body and lines some types of sponges |
| spongocoel | open space inside body |
| choanocyts | filters out and collects food, lines inside spongocoel, creates water flow |
| amebocyte | (archaeocyte)jobs: 1. moves to base of choanocyet and picks up gathered food and digests it. Intracellular digestion takes place. 2. secretes skeletal elements 3. some produce eggs for sexual reprod. |
| ostia | incurrent pores |
| osculum | excurrent pore |
| 3 body types/canal systems | ascon, sycon, leucon |
| ascon | simplest, single spongocoel |
| sycon | single spongocoel, waves back and forth with folds. |
| radial canals | folds taht choanocyts line |
| leucon | allows sponge to get really large, it's most complex and most efficient |
| sponge physiology | all digestion takes place intracellularly |
| asexual reprod | 1.external budding-breaks off and becomes its own cell2. fragmentation-dropping off a piece of the sponge3. internal budding-cluster of cells that grow bigger and form gemmules |
| gemmule | capsal, envir around sponge cld be ahzardous. does this to keep species from dieing out. made to survive drought, freezing, etc. can survive more than 3 months with absense of oxygen |
| sexual reprod | involves games-sex cells. monecious and dioecious, sperm cells come from choanocytes,eggs from amoebocytes and choanocytes,sperms are distributed and captured by choanocytes. they are taken to carrier cells thru mesohyl. parenchynuela larva |
| parenchynuela larva | has flagella facing outward. it can move around in water. it seims to a place where it becomes adult |
| somatic embryogenesis | how cells communicate with each other |
| 3 classes | calcaria, hexactinelida, demospongiae |
| Calcaria | spicules of calcium carbonate. can have 3 rayed spicuole. tubulor or vase looking. all marineex: sycon and leucon |
| Hexactinellida | glass (spicules of sponges),6 rays, found in the deep ocian, has radial symmetry.trabacular reticulum |
| trabacular reticulum | syncytial cells, largest tissue known in metazoa |
| Demospongiae | huge class, leucon body type, horny. may have spongeon fibers, w/o rays, dokesnt have skeletal element. some freshwaterex: spongillidae (spongilla-encrusting film over objects) and spongea (bath sponge) |
Created by:
Jamie D
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