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B4 organising Part1
AQA GCSE B4 Organising animals and plants HEART
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Order these to show the cycle of the blood in the body: left side of the heart;right side; lungs; rest of body | left;body;right;lungs;left… |
| What is the name of the top 2 chambers? | ATRIUM |
| What is the name of the bottom 2 chambers? | VENTRICLE |
| On a diagram of the hear, where is the left side? | On the right of the diagram! :D |
| What is the name of the two small chambers at the top of the heart? | Atria |
| Why has the left ventricle a thicker muscle than the right ventricle? | because the left ventricle needs to push the blood all the way around the body, whereas the right wentricle pushes the blood to the lungs only |
| What is the name of a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart? | ARTERY |
| What is the name of a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart? | VEIN |
| What is the name of the blood vessels which are only one cell thick? | CAPILLARY |
| Give one difference between an artery and a vein. | ARTERY HAVE A THICKER WALL. Veins have got valves |
| Why is there valves in veins or in the heart? | to prevent blood from flowing back |
| What happens when the blood vessel around the heart are thickening? | LESS BLOOD, LESS OXYGEN, MUSCLE DOES NOT WORK, HEART FAILURE |
| Give 2 things that make you more at risk to get Heart diseases. | Eat too much FAT, SMOKING, DRINKING or too little EXERCISE |
| If an artery is blocked, what could you do to unblock it? | in people at risk but with little blockage yet, doctors give drugs called statins; in bad cases: Put in a stent; in severe cases, you can do by-pass surgery |
| What is the advantages and disadvantages of using biological heart valves to replace leaky valves? | No medication needed but they only last 12-15 years |
| What is the advantages and disadvantages of using mechanical heart valves to replace leaky valves? | They last a very long time but you will need medicine to prevent the blood from clotting |
| What is a pacemaker? | It is a device that stimulates the heart by sending regular electrical signal to the nodes in the heart; the pacemaker helps the heart beat at a normal rythm |
| Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart | artery |
| Which type of blood vessel connects artery to vein | capillary |
| Which type of blood vessel carries blood back into the heart | vein |
| Which type of blood vessel carries blood to and from cells | capillary |
| Which type of blood vessel carries blood at high pressure | artery |
| Which type of blood vessel carries oxygen-rich blood from heart to the body | artery |
| Which type of blood vessel has a thin wall made of single layer of cells | capillary |
| Which type of blood vessel has thin walls and contains valves | veins |
| Which type of blood vessel carries oxygen-poor blood from cells to the heart | veins |
| Which type of blood vessel carries blood at low pressure | veins |
| Which type of blood vessel has thick elastic and muscular walls | artery |
| Which type of blood vessel has thin walls so that substances can be exchanged between blood and cells | capillary |
| Why does blood returning to the heart from the body cells contains a higher percentage of CO2 than when it left the heart? | CO2 is produced by cells during respiration; CO2 diffuses from cells into blood and CO2 will dissolves in the plasma |
| What do red blood cells (aka RBC) do as they flow through capillaries around the lungs? | the RBC pick up Oxygen |
| Why does blood returning to the heart from the lungs contains a higher percentage of O2 than when it left the heart? | Because the Oxygen will have diffused from the alveoli into the blood stream; Oxygen will then attach to the Red Blood Cell |
| How does blood flow through arteries? | fast and high pressure |
| How does blood flow through veins? | slow and at low pressure |
| What type of blood vessels does blood flow through organs’cells? | capillary |
| What is the job of valves in veins and in the heart? | to prevent the blood from flowing backwards |
| CHALLENGE: Explain why heart rate and breathing rate increase when you exercise | when you exercise, your muscles need more energy, so they need more sugar and more oxygen, so they need more blood (did you use “more” every time?) |
| Why is it important for a red blood cell to be small and flexible? | so that the RBC can pass through the tiny capillary |
| What feature of a vein prevent the blood from flowing backwards? | Valve |
| What feature of an artery helps it withstand pressure? | Thick walls |
| Explain how the oxygen goes from the capillary into a cell | the oxygen will diffuse from the capillary into the cell |
| What is the name of the blood vessel that takes away blood from the heart to the lungs? | Pulmonary artery - note that this artery carries DEOXYGENATED blood |
| What is the name of the blood vessel that takes blood from the lungs to the left side of the heart? | Pulmonary vein - note that this vein carries OXYGENATED blood |
| What is the name of the blood vessel that supplies blood to the heart? | Coronary artery |
| What is the name of the blood vessel that takes blood from the body to the right side of the heart? | Vena Cava |
| What is the name of the blood vessel that takes blood from the left side of the heart to the rest of the body? | Aorta |
| What is a lumen? | The diameter of a blood vessel |
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