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| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Beat | the underlying pulse in music |
| Strong Beat | gives music a drive and a clear sense of momentum |
| Weak Beat | does not provide the music with as much drive as the definite or strong beat |
| Definite beat | It is a strong beat that can be described according to where the definite beat falls in the bar |
| Indefinite beat | is always considered a weak beat, although it can be heard in passages where there is free rhythm |
| Metre | the grouping of beats in a piece of music |
| Duple metre | Two beats |
| Triple metre | Three beats |
| Quadruple metre | Four beats |
| Time Signature | the individual subdivision of beats per bar |
| Simple Duple | Two beats divided in two |
| Compound Duple | Two beats divided in three |
| Simple Triple | Three beats divided in two |
| Compound Triple | Three beats divided in three |
| Simple Quadruple | Four beats divided in two |
| Compound Quadruple | Four beats divided in three |
| Irregular time signature | time signatures that differ from the standard ones with uneven top numbers |
| Mixed metre | when the groupings of beats are irregular and uneven |
| Absence of metre | Absence of beat and so no metre is evident |
| Rhythm | the patterns of long and short sounds and silences in the music |
| Graphic notation | Represents the music through shapes and symbols |
| semibreve | 4 beats |
| minim | 2 beats |
| crotchet | 1 beat |
| quaver | ½ beat |
| semiquaver | ¼ beat |
| Rhythmic ostinato | A constantly repeated musical phrase in the same instrument or voice |
| Repetition | Reiteration of a pattern, either immediately after its first statement or throughout the piece of music, as a unifying feature |
| Syncopation | An emphasis in the weak or off beats |
| Rhythmic motif | A rhythmic fragment that is repeated in a piece of music either immediately or throughout the piece as a unifying feature |
| Imitation | A pattern that is restated by the same or a different instrument as a unifying feature |
| Riff | A repeated pattern, either melodic or chordal that is usually a few bars in length and usually associated with jazz or rock music |
| Accents | Stresses placed on particular notes for expression |
| Anticipation | Refers to a note that is played or sung before a strong beat anticipating the phrase |
| Hemiola | A pattern of syncopated beats with two beats played in the time of three or three in the time of two |
| Polyrhythm | Two or more independent rhythms played simultaneously in different parts |
| Cross rhythms | Conflicting rhythmic patterns played simultaneously or conflicting metre |
| Diminution | A pattern that is repeated with the notes half their previous duration |
| Augmentation | A pattern that is repeated with the notes double their previous duration |
| Swing rhythm | A feel or groove heard in jazz, especially in swing music based on two emphasised subdivision of the beat. |
| Rock beat | Heard in rock and popular music in which the rock drum pattern is usually stressed (bass drum 1&3 - snare 2 & 4, hi-hat on quavers) |
| Tempo | The speed at which a piece is performed |
Created by:
c.deAndrade
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