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bio ch 9

QuestionAnswer
energy flows into an ecosystem as sunlight and leaves as heat
in cellullar respiration, photosynthesis generates O2 and organic molecules
cells harvest chemical energy stored in organic molecules and use it to generate ATP
3 pathways of respiration glycolysis, citric acid, and cycleoxidative prosphorylation
the breakdown of organic molecules is exergonic
fermentation a partial degradation of sugars that occurs w/out O2--anaerobic
aerobic respiration consumes organic molecules and O2 and yields ATP
cellular respiration is traced w/ sugar glucose
ATP is synthesized from the energy given off from electron transfer
reducing agent electron donor
oxidizing agent electron receptor
catabolic pathways release energy by breaking down complex molecules into simpler compounds
during cell respiration, fuel(ie glucose) is oxidized and O2 is reduced
electrons from organic compounds are usually 1st transferred to NAD+(a coenzyme)
in cellular respiration, NAD+ fuctions as a(n) oxidizing agent
glycolysis breaks into 2 molecules of pyruvate
glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm
glycolysis has 2 major phases: energy investment phase and energy payoff phase
citric acid cycle is also called Krebs and takes place in mitochondrial matrix
citric acid cycle oxidizies organic fuel derived from pyruvate
krebs cycle generates: 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2 each time
sugar glucose: C_H_O_ + O_ 6, 12, 6
glucose+ O_ 6O2
NAD+ Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotidecoenzymecarries electrons from 1 reaction to another
reduction electrons reduce the positive charge of atom
when e- complete their fall down the energy gradient from NADH to oxygen each NADH molecule represents sotred energy that can be tapped to make ATP
electrons move down the gradient from glucose-->NADH-->e- transport chain-->oxygen
Created by: abriscoe1
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