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plant processes
sol 7.5
Term | Definition |
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photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct. |
stoma | any of the minute pores in the epidermis of the leaf or stem of a plant, forming a slit of variable width that allows movement of gases in and out of the intercellular spaces. |
guard cells | each of a pair of curved cells that surround a stoma, becoming larger or smaller according to the pressure within the cells. |
chlorophyll | a green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis. Its molecule contains a magnesium atom held in a porphyrin ring. |
chloroplast | (in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. |
light dependent reaction | The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that require light energy that is captured by light-absorbing pigments |
light independent react | The light-independent reactions, or dark reactions, of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that conver |
autotrophs | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
consumers | a person who purchases goods and services for personal use. |
herbivore | an animal that feeds on plants |
omnivores | an animal or person that eats food of both plant and animal origin. |
heterotrophs | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
carnivores | an animal that feeds on flesh. |
decomposers | an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material. |
spongy layer | a layer of loosely packed and irregularly shaped chlorophyll-bearing cells that fills the part of a leaf between the palisade layer and the lower epidermis -- called also spongy parenchyma, spongy tissue. |
palisade layer | a layer of parallel elongated cells below the epidermis of a leaf. |
raw materials | the basic material from which a product is made. |
oxygen | a colorless, odorless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air. Oxygen forms about 20 percent of the earth's atmosphere, |
carbon dioxide | a colorless, odorless gas produced by burning carbon and organic compounds and by respiration. It is naturally present in air (about 0.03 percent) and is absorbed by plants in photosynthesis. |
glucose | a simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates. |
product | quantity obtained by multiplying quantities together, or from an analogous algebraic operation. |
Respiration | a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide from the oxidation of complex organic substances. |
Energy pyramid | An energy pyramid is a graphical model of energy flow in a community. The different levels represent different groups of organisms that might compose a food chain. From the bottom-up, they are as follows: Producers — bring energy from nonliving sources in |
Producer | Fossil fuels are non-renewable resources, which will eventually decline in production and become exhausted. ... Fuel efficiency is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the efficiency of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a car |
Mitochondrion | an organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that functions in energy production. |