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Final study guide
Final study guide for Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which organelle does not break down waste efficiently with Tay Sach's Disease? | Lysosome |
| What indicator would be used to identify the macromolecule released by the smooth ER? | Sudan Red (lipids) |
| Your DNA contains the monomer nucleotide, which element is distinct for the nucleotide? | Phosphorus |
| Where in the body would you find an abundance of mitochondria? | Muscle cells |
| Which substance would give you energy for the day, and help build muscle? | Yogurt |
| What organelle helps the cell maintain homeostasis? | Cell membrane |
| Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes have a similar organelle. What is the function of that organelle? | Synthesis Proteins |
| What would happen if I had a diet rich in bread, rice, and pasta? | I would gain weight by storing energy from polysaccharides |
| How do you test for a protein? | Use biuret reagant |
| How do you test for a carb? | Use benedict's solution |
| How do you test for a polysaccharide? | Use lugol's solution |
| How do you test for a lipid? | Use the bag and oil test |
| What are the electron carriers in Cellular Respiration? | NADH and FADH2 |
| In both the chloroplast and mitochondria, what are electron carriers used to generate across the membrane? | Concentration gradient |
| What would happen in photosystem 2 if plants were covered in salt? | Water would not get broken down |
| What is the difference between active transport and passive transport? | Active transport uses ATP |
| What is hypotonic? | Water enters the cell |
| What is hypertonic? | Water leaves the cell |
| What protein uses the hydrogen ions as fuel to make energy? | ATP synthase |
| Where does the Calvin Cycle take place? | The stroma |
| What happens when you get a cramp? | There is too little oxygen circulating in your system causing little ATP production |
| What is unique about the process of photosynthesis and cellular respiration? | They are opposites |
| In an intestinal cell in a grasshopper contains 24 chromosomes, then a grasshopper sperm cell contains how many chromosomes? | 12 |
| What is not a function of mitosis in humans? | Production of gametes from diploid cells |
| Why is it difficult to observe individual chromosomes during interphase? | They are in the form of long, thin strands |
| What is it called when a part of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches in reverse direction? | Inversion |
| When does DNA double? | Between the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle |
| What is the mitotic spindle? | A microfilament |
| Why are people with an extra chromosome 21 more common than people with other extra chromosomes? | Extra copies of other things are probably fatal |
| What is an advantage of sexual reproduction compared to asexual reproduction? | Sexual reproduction procures genetic diversity |
| What is it called when you have 2 alleles that code for three different phenotypes? | Incomplete dominance |
| If Edward was heterozygous for sickle-cell, where would the letters be found? | On homologous chromosomes |
| What is it when a white and a black cat have spotted kittens? | codominance |
| What is if there are three different genes with two alleles each that code for skin tone? | Polygenic inheritance |
| Can we assume that the lower level of dirt is older without taking the radioactive decay rate of the rocks and bones? | No because tectonic plates can move and shift the height of older layers |
| How do scientists use radioactive dating and relative dating? | Scientists use radioactive dating to get an age range and relative dating to associate that range with fossils in a similar layer |
| What might have occurred when a dog and a human have similar bones in their legs? | Divergent evolution |
| What would cause an animal to be able to fly? | The animal lived in an environment that was selected for flight |
| What type of comparative anatomy are bat wings and moth wings? | Analogous structures |
| Why do species have vestigial structures? | The structures were useful to ancestors but are not currently useful |
| Which scenario shows survival of the fittest? | A bird's eyesight increases to hunt small animals more accurately |
| When does speciation occur? | When two populations can no longer produce fertile offspring |
| Founder effect is an example of which type of isolation? | Geographic isolation |
| What is it called when the size of a population decreases? | Bottleneck effect |
| Which physical trait would an animal develop to adapt to a desert environment? | Water-conserving system |
| What is it called when two species mate at different times of the year? | Temporal isolation |
| What is an example of artificial selection? | A farmer selects two cows to breed |
| Why were Darwin's finches significant in understanding natural selection? | Each finch had adapted to a unique environment |
| Which effect best describes the evolution of Darwin's finches? | Founder effect |
| Why do many aquatic plants lack woody tissue? | Aquatic plants must bend due to water currents |
| Which nutrient's cycle does not occur in the atmosphere? | Phosphorus |
| What is the process of Nitrification? | When bacteria change Nitrogen into Nitrates |
| What is it called when plants uptake nitrates and phosphates? | Assimilation |
| Why do prey have eyes located on the sides of their head? | So that they have a wider visual range |
| Why would a medium amount of disturbance help an ecosystem grow? | It would increase biodiversity through reducing competition and encouraging natural selection |
| What succession would occur in an area of bedrock? | Primary succession |
| Who much energy does a trophic level provide to a higher-level organism? | 10% |
| Most of the energy an organism gets from consuming food is lost as? | Heat |
| What limits the growth potential in an S curve? | Carrying capacity |
| What is the survivorship trend for type 1 species? | They have a few children but most live to post reproductive age |
| What type of survivorship would a mosquito be? | Type III |
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alexprice
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