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Ecosystem&Community
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ________ zones are located in the areas around the Earth's poles. | Polar |
| ____________ zones have climate that range from hot to cold. | Temperate |
| The zone that receives direct year-round sunlight is the __________________. | Tropical zone |
| What gases trap heat energy in the Earth's atmosphere? | CO2 and H2O |
| How do greenhouse gases maintain Earth's temperature range? | They trap heat energy of sunlight inside Earth's atmosphere |
| What causes the three main climate zones on Earth? | The difference in heat distribution with latitude |
| What are the 5 factors that affect climate? | Latitude, heat transfer, amount of precipitation, elevation, and trap of heat in the atmosphere. |
| What two factors determine the survival and growth of organisms in an ecosystem? | Biotic and abiotic |
| Name three types of community interactions that affect an ecosystem. | Competition, predation, and symbiosis |
| What are the two kinds of disturbances that change ecosystems? | Primary and secondary succession |
| Describe the process of succession in an ecosystem. | Older inhabitants die off and new start to move in |
| How is a niche related to abiotic and biotic factors? | Abiotic and biotic factors determine the number of different niches. |
| What is primary succession? | Succession that takes place where no soil is. |
| What is secondary succession? | Succession that takes place in an existing community without removing soil. |
| What are the three main factors that affect aquatic ecosystems? | Depth, flow, and chemistry of overlying water |
| What two categories do most freshwater ecosystems belong in? | Flowing-water ecosystems or standing-water ecosystems |
| The two horizontal divisions of marine ecosystems are what? | The photic zone and the aphotic zone |
| The three vertical divisions of marine ecosystems are what? | The intertidal zone, the coastal ocean, and the open ocean |
| What abiotic factors characterize salt marshes? | Temperate zone, climate, salt water, and low tides |
| Why might a wide range of species be endangered by the pollution of an estuary? | Estuaries serve as nursery-grounds for commercially important fish, shellfish, shrimps, and crabs. |
| What role does phytoplankton take in the food webs of standing-water ecosystems? | They form the base of many aquatic food webs |
| What is the difference between the photic zone and the aphotic zone? | The photic zone is the well-lit upper layer of the ocean and the aphotic zone is the dark lower layer where few producers can survive. |
| What are the three types of symbiotic relationships? | mutualism, commmensalism, and parasitism |
| The gradual change in living communities that follows a disturbance is called what? | Succession |
| The geographical region that contains a characteristic assemblage of plants and animals is called a what? | Biome |
| The two layers that plants make up in a tropical rain forest are what? | The canopy and the understory |
| What contains dense evergreen forests of coniferous trees? | The boreal (taiga) |
| The tiny, free-floating, weakly swimming algae and animals that occur in both freshwater and saltwater environments are called what? | Plankton |
Created by:
kimmydawn
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