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plant processes
sol 7.5
Term | Definition |
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photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct. |
respiration | a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide from the oxidation of complex organic substances. |
stomata | any of the minute pores in the epidermis of the leaf or stem of a plant, forming a slit of variable width that allows movement of gases in and out of the intercellular spaces. |
guard cells | each of a pair of curved cells that surround a stoma, becoming larger or smaller according to the pressure within the cells. |
chlorophyll | a green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis. Its molecule contains a magnesium atom held in a porphyrin ring. |
chloroplast | (in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. |
light dependent reaction | use light energy to make two molecules needed for the next stage of photosynthesis: |
light independent reaction | dark reactions, of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose. |
energy pyramid | a graphical model of energy flow in a community. The different levels represent different groups of organisms that might compose a food ... |
producer | a person, company, or country that makes, grows, or supplies goods or commodities for sale |
mitochondrion | an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. It has a double membrane, the inner layer being folded inward to form layers (cristae). |
autotrophs | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
consumers | a person or thing that eats or uses something. |
herbivores | an animal that feeds on plants |
omnivores | an animal or person that eats food of both plant and animal origin. |
heterotrophs | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
carnivores | an animal that feeds on flesh. ZOOLOGY |
decomposers | an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material. a device or installation that is used to break down a chemical substance. |
spongy layer | loosely packed and irregularly shaped chlorophyll-bearing cells that fills the part of a leaf between the palisade layer and the lower epidermis -- called also spongy parenchyma, spongy tissue. |
palisade layer | a layer of parallel elongated cells below the epidermis of a leaf. |
raw material | the basic material from which a product is made. |
oxygen | a colorless, odorless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air. |
carbon dioxide | a colorless, odorless gas produced by burning carbon and organic compounds and by respiration. It is naturally present in air (about 0.03 percent) and is absorbed by plants in photosynthesis. |
glucose | a simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates. |
produces | make or manufacture from components or raw materials. |