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Mbio Module 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Bacteria | Prokaryotic, single |
| Decomposers | Organisms that break down dead organic matter into smaller molecules |
| Chemosynthesis | The making of organic material from inorganic substance using chemical energy |
| Phytoplankton | Photosynthetic organisms that drift in the water |
| Zooplankton | Tiny floating organism that are either small animals or protozoa |
| Thallus | The complete body of an alga, not differentiated into true leaves, stems, or roots. |
| Diploid cell (2n) | A cell that has chromosomes which come in pairs |
| Haploid cell (1n) | A cell that contains half the normal number of chromosomes (one from each pair) |
| Alternation of generation | A life cycle that alternates between a sexual stage (gametophyte) and an asexual stage (sporophyte) |
| Symbiosis | A close relationship between two species where at least one benefits. |
| Lichen | An organism that results from the symbiosis between a fungus and an alga. |
| Kingdom Monera is... | as "simple" as life gets, prokaryotic |
| Heterotrophic bacteria | Bacteria which cannot make their own food, mainly decomposers |
| Bacteria | Single-celled, microscopic organisms which are lacking nuclei or other organelles |
| Autotrophic bacteria | Bacteria that can make their own food, two types |
| Cyanobacteria | Called blue-green algae, photosynthetic bacteria, not true algae, |
| Red tide | Cyanobacteria reproduce quickly, causing water to change colors |
| Nitrogen fixation | Taking atomspheric nitrogen and converting it into nitrate |
| Stromatolites | Structures made of clumps of cyanobacteria |
| Diatoms | phytoplankton in the ocean that producer most of the oxygen |
| Silicon dioxide | glass-like material |
| Frustule | Cell wall of a diatom |
| Diatomaceous ooze | Diatoms' frustulescollecting at the bottom of the ocean |
| Diatomaceous earth | Hardened diatomaceous ooze |
| First generation diatom reproduction | The frustule splits, halves form new frustules |
| Second generation diatom reproduction | The frustules splits again, havles form new frustules |
| Third generation diatom reproduction | Sperm and egg from two third generation, forms auxospore |
| Third way of diatom reproduction | A smaller diatom will shed frustule, grow new one |
| 3 ways of diatom reproduction | Frustule spliting, new diatoms forming; sperm and egg unite, make auxospore; small diato will shed frustule, grow new one |
| What phylum are diatoms in? | Chrysophyta |
| Other organisms in phylum Chrysophyta? | Silicoflagellates, which silica cell walls, one or two flagella, and chloroplasts. Cocclithophores, which are unicellular organs that have many round, chalk-like plates embedded in their cell walls |
| Dinoflagellates | In phylum Pyrrhophyta, two flagellae |
| Dinoflagellate bloom | Producing very quickly, water gets filled of them (like red tide) |
| Bioluminescence | The ability to prdouce own light |
| Holoplankton | Spends entire life as plankton |
| Meroplankton | larval stages of an organism-plankton as larval stage |
| Foraminiferans | phylum Sarcodina, like an amoeba, has shell of calcium carbonate called a test, has pseudopodia |
| Formaniferan ooze | Like diatomaceous ooze, made of tests |
| Radiolarians | phylum Sarcodina, planktonic protozoans, shells made mostly of silica |
| Radiolarian ooze | Like diatomaceous ooze, made of their shells |
| Ciliates | phylum Ciliophora,protozans |
| Cilia | hair-like means of locomotion |
| Tintinnids | Common ciliates that have cemened particles and is shaped like a vase |
| Chlorophyta | Green algae |
| Phaeophyta | brown algae |
| Brown algae | Cell walls have algin, used to keep thing togehter (e.g. pudding salda dressings, etc) |
| Genus macrocystis | kelp |
| Rhodophyta | red algae |
| Red algae | Gets reddish color from phycobilins, which are a type of pigments, soruce of agar, which scientists use to grow algae |
| Accessory pigments | Pigments that absorb dim blue light, then transfers it to chlorophyll-containing cells |
| Cordgrasses | Plants that can withstand a salty enviroment. Only roots submerged in seawater, only at high tide |
| Mangroves | Salt-tolerant plants, trees |
| why are red mangroves called island makers? | Because their prop roots trap sediments, causing little islands to be made |
Created by:
akikoandpoog
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