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Nutritions words

Words need to know for the final.

TermDefinition
Calories the amount of heat required at a pressure of one atmosphere to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius.
Chemosynthesis synthesis of organic compounds (as in living cells) by energy derived from inorganic chemical reactions.
Energy the capacity of acting or being active.
Ingestion the process of taking food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing or absorbing it. "vomiting after ingestion of contaminated food"
Absorption the process of absorbing something or of being absorbed.
Bulimia an abnormal and constant craving for food.
Anorexia a lack or loss of appetite for food (as a medical condition).
Digestion the process of breaking down food by mechanical and enzymatic action in the alimentary canal into substances that can be used by the body.
Peristalsis the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward.
Cellulose an insoluble substance that is the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibers such as cotton. It is a polysaccharide consisting of chains of glucose monomers.
Capillary any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
Villi any of numerous minute elongated projections set closely together on a surface, typically increasing its surface area for the absorption of substances, in particular.
Roughage fibrous indigestible material in vegetable foodstuffs that aids the passage of food and waste products through the gut.
Egestion is the discharge or expulsion of undigested material (food) from a cell in case of unicellular organisms, and from the digestive tract via the anus in case of multicellular organisms.
Chyme the pulpy acidic fluid that passes from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food.
Constipation a condition in which there is difficulty in emptying the bowels, usually associated with hardened feces.
Body mass index a condition in which there is difficulty in emptying the bowels, usually associated with hardened feces.
Autotroph an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.
Emulsification: The breakdown of fat globules in the duodenum into tiny droplets, which provides a larger surface area on which the enzyme pancreatic lipase can act to digest the fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
Heterotroph an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
Created by: Jpadilla
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