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MarEco Unit 5

QuestionAnswer
The upper limits of donation in intertidal areas is determined mostly by what? Abiotic factors
The lower limits of donation in intertidal areas is determined mostly by what? Competition and predation
What is donation? Separation of different organisms based on tolerance to different factors
Which organisms would likely be in the splash zone? Algae, snails, etc (things that don’t have to be in water for an extended period of time)
What is the infralittoral region? Below timeline (lowest of spring tides)
What is the midlittoral region? Middle (between high and low tide)
What is the supralittoral region? Above high tide line
What are 3 types of tide schedules? Diurnal, semidiurnal, and mixed semidiurnal
What is diurnal? 1 high tide and 1 low tide per day
What is semidiurnal? 2 highs and 2 lows a day of equal height
What is mixed semidiurnal? 2 highs and 2 lows a day not of equal height
What is a neap tide? Low highs and high lows
What is a spring tide? Highest high tides and lowest low tides
Which moons occur when there is neap tide? First and third quarters
Which moons occur when it is spring tide? New and full
What is desiccation? Drying out
What is emersion? Exit
What is immersion? Enter
What are a few environmental challenges of organisms located in tide pools? Drying out, salinity changes
Which phylum has the second most species and the most marine species? Mollusca
Which phylum is not found in fresh water? Echinoderm
What is the function of the head-foot? Crawling, burrowing, and swimming
What is the function of the mantle? Secretes shell
What is the function of the visceral mass? Contains digestive, reproductive, and circulatory organs
What is the function of the gills? Gas exchange or filter feeding
What is the function of the radula? To scrape food
What is a trochophore? Free-swimming larval stage (meroplankton)
What is pelagic? Open water
What is benthic? Bottom
What do starfish eat? Bivalves
How do starfish eat? Done outside of body/broken down by one of their 2 stomachs
What do bivalves eat? Plankton and marine snow
How do bivalves eat? Filter feeding
What do siphons do on the clam? Filter feed
What is wave shock? How hard a wave hits an organism
How do organisms respond to wave shock and minimize it? Short profile (less impact), flexible, attach substrate
What is evisceration? Expelling of organs for feeding or defense
Which organisms eviscerate? Echinoderms
What is a keystone predator? Control population
What can happen if a keystone predator is removed? May cause some organisms to overpopulate
What is the purpose of the water vascular system? Helps echinoderms move
What is the pathway of the water vascular system in echinoderms? Madreporite plate->stone canal->ring canal->radial canals->ampulla->podia
What is a limpet? Gastropoda
What is an octopus? Cephalopoda
What is a Sand dollar? Echinoderm
What is a tusk shell? Scaphopoda
What is a cuttlefish? Cephalopoda
What is a snail? Gastropoda
Characteristic of a Gastropoda? Shell/ slow mover
Characteristic of a bivalve? 2 shells (most don’t move)
Characteristic of a cephalopod? Moves fast/no shell
Characteristic of a polyplacophora? 8 shells
Characteristic of a scaphodoa? Shape point
What are characteristics of a Asteroidea? Prey on bivalves, have 5 arms that can regenerate, have great impact on ecology of rocky shores
What are characteristics of ophiuroidea? Largest class, like to hide, long-narrow arms, no anus, tube feet have no suckers
What are characteristics of Echinoidea? Spherical or flat shape, lack arms, internal organs enclosed by endoskeleton, bodies covered with movable spines
What are characteristics of Holothuroidea? Lack arms, bilateral, 5 rows of tube feet, evisceration
What are characteristics of Crinoidea? Mouth and anus on upper surface, prefer areas with strong currents, most primitive class, flower shaped bodies, sessile during all or part of life
Created by: giannariche
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