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Module 2
| Ca | calcium |
| CO2 | carbon dioxide |
| Cl | chloride |
| K | potassium |
| Na | sodium |
| Albumin | protein found in the blood stream |
| Bilirubin | breakdown of hemoglobin |
| Total Protein | measure of proteins |
| Cholesterol | compound found in most body tissue |
| Lipoproteins | transports lipids through the bloodstream |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| Enterobladder Fistula | when the intestines has a small opening leading to the bladder, allowing fecal matter to seep into the urinary system |
| Glucose | simple sugar produce by the body |
| Specific Gravity | test to see how well the kidney is functioning |
| Ketones | produced by liver |
| WBC in urine | hints at kidney inflammation |
| RBC in urine | hints at UTI, kidney stones, and/or tumors |
| What are common organisms in stool? | E. Coli, Coccus, and Clostridium |
| What are common parasites in stool? | Hookworms, Tapeworms, and Protozoans |
| Intravenous | in vein |
| Infiltration | accumulation of tissue cells |
| Lumen | inner vein |
| Patency | degree of openness referring to a vein |
| Peripheral | near surface |
| Vasoconstriction | vein shrinks |
| Vasodilation | vein expands |
| Venipuncture | puncturing the vein |
| Gauge | size of needle used |
| Percutaneous | needle puncture |
| Occulsion | to close/obstruct |
| What are three categories of Central Venous Access Devices? | Purcutaneous CVC Tunneled CVC Implanted infusion |
| What are two ways Percutaneous Central Catheters are placed? | Chest wall Neck |
| How often should you check on the infusion site and what should you look for? | 2-4hrs edema, erythema, and warmth |
| How often should you flush a catheter and what should you flush it with? | 8 hrs Heparin Soluntion |
| When should you change a central line dressing? | |
| What route shouldn't you use if the patient is vomiting or comatose? | Oral |
| Liquid medicine is measured at what point of the meniscus? | The lowest part of the curve |
| If a medicine is ordered orally, and the client is NPO, what action should you take? | Consult the charge nurse |
| Are eye drops sterile? | Yes |
| Does nasal spray use less medication? Why? | Yes, because it is absorbed quicker |
| Should you touch a topical medication with your hands when applying? | No, you should use gloves |
| What direction should you gently pull the earlobe of an adult when instilling ear drops? | Upward and back |
| What are the 3 parts of a syringe? | Tip Barrel Plunger |
| What is the difference between a luer-lock and a plain needle? | Plain needles slip on Leur-lock needles twist right and lock on |
| What type of syringes are there? | Tuberculin Insulin 3mL Safety Glide Disposable Inj. |
| What are the 2 types of IV needles? | Butterfly Over-the-needles |
| What type of injection is given for the TB test? | Intradermal |
| IM | Intramuscular |
| ID | Intradermal |
| SQ | Subcutaneous |
| IV | Intravenous |
| Vastus Lateralis | thigh, usually used for children <3y, can inject up to 3mL |
| Ventrogluteal | hip/glut, usually used for adults & children >7m |
| Dorsogluteal | no longer recommended due to risk of injury |
| Deltoid | easiest access, can inject up to 1mL |
| Which site is preferred for IM injections for infants and children? | vastus lateralis |
| Which injection site is well defined by bony anatomic landmarks? | ventrogluteal |
| Does an IV push have to be done by an RN? | Yes |
| What is an IV piggyback (intermittent infusion) | drug infusions given at intervals |
| Continuous infusion | Medication added to bad and is infused over time |
| Patient Controlled Analgesia | Drug delivery system that gives preset IV dose |
| Who programs the PCA? | an RN |
| What IM site has danger of injury? | Dorsogluteal |
| What is the max mL that can be admin SQ? | 1mL |
| Why must air be injected into a vial prior to removal of desired medication amount? | To prevent the development of a vacuum |
| What is parenteral nutrition also known as? | Hyperalimentation |
| What are the two types of parenteral nutrition? | TPN PPN |
| What measurement is insulin syringes calibrated in? | Units |
| How many nurses must document that an insulin dose was checked? | 2 |
| What do safety-glide syringes do? | prevent needle sticks |
| What are disposable injection units? | pre-filled single dose syringes |
| What is a lumen? | opening of the needles beveled tip |
| How are sublingual medications given? | under the tongue |
| Can you pop a liquid tablet for sublingal medications? | yes |
| What can improper sit selection result to? | Damaged nerves Necrosis Sloughing sking |
| What is the z-track method? | First pull the skin tight and insert the needle at a 90 degree angle. Aspirate and if no blood is seen, administer injection. Wait 10 second and withdrawal needle quickly allowing skin to return to its normal postion |
| How often do Intermitten Venous Access Devices need to be flushed? | Before and after use, and/or during shift changes |
| How many RNs must verify the PCA pump settings? | 2 |
| Every hour you should check for _______ on infusion sites. | Flow of fluid Air in tubing Infiltration Phlebitis |
| Is the barrel of a syringe sterile? | Yes |
| What are syringes typically measured in? | mLs |
| What should you be cautious of when performing IM injections? | location of bones, vessels, and veins |
| TPN is given via... | Central line |
| PPN is given via... | Peripheral line |
| The hypertonic solution in TPN is too harsh and can cause irritation to peripheral vein | |
| How often should you check the infusion and IV site? | Every hour |
| What adverse reactions should you monitor for? | Systemic infection Fluid overload Allergic Reaction |
| What are signs of fluid overdoes? | Anxiety Dyspnea Weak/rapid pulse |
| What type of medication is used in emergencies? | Parenteral |
| How many mLs do you use to flush a tube for tubual medications? | 10 to 20mLs |
| If an NG tube is connected to suction, how long after medication administration do you wait until you reconnect it? | 30min |
| Eye drops should always be labeled... | Opthalmic |
| Ear drops should always be labeled... | Otic |
| What fingers should you use to open an eye? | Middle and Ring |
| Should you touch the eye when giving drops or ointment? | No |
| What temperature should ear drops be before administering them? | room temperature |
| Should you touch the ear when giving ear drops? | No |
| How administer ear drops to children under three? | pull earlobe downward and back |
| How long should you waiting before moving after receiving ear drops? | 5-10min |
| Are nose drops and nasal sprays individual use only? | yes |
| How do you administer nose spray? | Tilt patient head backwards. Compress one nostril. Insert spray bottle. Have patient inhale, then spray medication. |
| How long should you wait before blowing your nose after nose spray? | 3min |
| Do inhaled medications have local or systemic effects? | both |
| Should lips touch an inhaler? | no |
| How should an inhaler be held? | thumb at base of mouthpiece and fingers at the top |
| What is an aerochamber? | spacer for inhaler commonly used for children |
| How long should you wait between each puff? | 2-5 min |
| What medication may be ordered to be left at bedside? | buccal medication |
| Are you allowed to eat, drink or smoke while buccal medication is dissolving? | no |
| What do buccal medications bypass? | the liver |
| Where should buccal medications be placed? | between gum and the cheek |
| How much does a tuberculin syringe hold? | 1mL |
| IVP | Intravenous Pyleogram |
| LP | Lumbar Puncture |
| MRI | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| Midstream Specimen | Cleanest part of specimen |
| Occult Blood | Blood not seen with the naked eye |
| Paracentesis | through abdominal muscle to remove ascetic fluid |
| Residual Urine | urine left over in bladder |
| Sensitivity | effectiveness of antibiotics |
| UGI | Upper gastrointestinal series |
| UA | urinalysis |
| What does CBC include? | Neutophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosionphils Basophils |
| What does a RBC indice? | MCV MCH MCHC RDW |
| HGB | hemoglobin |
| HCT | hematocrit |
| BMP | base metabolic panel |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| Barium Enema | Colon |
| Barium Swallow | esophagus |
| Bronchoscopy | larynx trachea bronchi |
| Fiberoptic Colonscopy | access to entire colon anus to cecum |
| Sigmoidoscopy | access to anus rectum and sigmoid colon |
| Endoscopy | upper GI tract |
| Allopathic Medicine | western medicine |
| Alternative therapy | non-traditional medicine |
| Complimentary therapies | use with traditional medicine |
| Acupressure | gentle pressure "acupuncture" |
| Acupuncture | insertion of needles in the pressure points |
| Aromatherapy | used of scents and essential oils |
| Biofeedback | monitor vitals with in total relaxation state |
| Chiropractic therapies | manipulation of musculoskeletal system |
| Herbal therapy | use of herbs for medication |
| Holistic nursing | treats mind, body and spirit of patient |
| Imagery | visualization techniques that spark change in the body |
| Reflexology | applying pressure to different parts of the feet |
| Relaxation | state of decreased brain arousal |
| Therapeutic massage | professional massage associated with health benefits |
| Yoga | breathing exercises, body postures, and meditation for total body relaxation |
| What is the difference between complementary and alternative therapy? | Complimentary is used with conventional medicine Alternative replaces conventional medicine |
| What does CAM stand for? | Complimentary Alternative Medicine |
| How do you perform a two way check on client identification? | Ask client's name/DOB or SSN. Verify client's bracelet and MAR |
| What are the six rights of medication administration? | right patient right medication right time right route right dose right documentation |
| What does MAR stand for? | Medication administration record |
Created by:
throwinSHAYd
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