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Plant processes
SOL. 7.5
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. |
Respiration | a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, |
Stomata | open and close to allow the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen. |
Guard cells | each of a pair of curved cells that surround a stoma, becoming larger or smaller according to the pressure within the cells. |
Chlorophyll | a green pigment, present in all green plants |
Chloroplast | a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. |
Light dependent reaction | The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that require light energy that is captured by light-absorbing pigments |
Light independent reaction | The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light to proceed, and ultimately produce organic molecules from carbon dioxide. |
Energy pyramid | An energy pyramid is a graphical model of energy flow in a community. |
Producer | Producers are organisms that make their own food; |
Mitochondrion | an organelle found in large numbers in most cells, in which the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. |
Autotrophs | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
Consumers | a person or thing that eats or uses something. |
Herbivore | an animal that feeds on plants. |
Omnivores | an animal or person that eats food of both plant and animal origin. |
Heterotrophs | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
Carnivores | an animal that feeds on flesh. |
Decomposers | an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material |
Spongy layer | a layer of loosely packed and irregularly shaped chlorophyll-bearing cells that fills the part of a leaf between the palisade layer and the lower epidermis |
Palisade layer | a layer of parallel elongated cells below the epidermis of a leaf. |
Raw materials | the basic material from which a product is made |
Oxygen | a colorless, odorless reactive gas, the chemical element of atomic number 8 and the life-supporting component of the air |
Carbon dioxide | a colorless, odorless gas produced by burning carbon and organic compounds and by respiration. |
Glucose | a simple sugar that is an important energy source in living organisms and is a component of many carbohydrates. |
Products | a cellular product is something "manufactured" by an organelle |