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Plant Processes
SOL 7.5
Term | Definition |
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Photosynthesis | The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water |
Respiration | The sum total of the physical and chemical processes in an organism by which oxygen is conveyed to tissues and cells, and the oxidation products, carbon dioxide and water, are given off. |
Stomata | any of various small apertures, especially one of the minute orifices or slits in the epidermis of leaves, stems, etc., through which gases are exchanged |
Guard cells | either of two specialized epidermal cells that flank the pore of a stoma and usually cause it to open and close. |
Chlorophyll | the green coloring matter of leaves and plants, essential to the production of carbohydrates by photosynthesis, and occurring in a bluish-black form, |
Chloroplast | a plastid containing chlorophyll. |
Light dependent reaction | The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that require light energy that is captured by light-absorbing pigments (such as chlorophyll) to be converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. |
Light independent react | The light-independent reactions, or dark reactions, of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose. |
Energy pyramid | An energy pyramid is a graphical model of energy flow in a community. The different levels represent different groups of organisms that might compose a food chain. |
Producer | Producers are organisms that make their own food; they are also known as autotrophs. |
Mitochondrion | an organelle in the cytoplasm of cells that functions in energy production. |
Autotrophs | any organism capable of self-nourishment by using inorganic materials as a source of nutrients and using photosynthesis or chemosynthesis as a source of energy, as most plants and certain bacteria and protists. |
Consumers | An organism that generally obtains food by feeding on other organisms or organic matter due to lack of the ability to manufacture own food from inorganic sources; a heterotroph. |
Herbivore | A herbivore is an animal that gets its energy from eating plants, and only plants. |
Omnivores | Omnivores can also eat parts of plants, but generally only the fruits and vegetables produced by fruit-bearing plants. |
Heterotrophs | an organism requiring organic compounds for its principal source of food. |
Carnivores | An animal or plant (particularly insect- and invertebrate-eating plants) that requires a staple diet consisting mainly or exclusively of animal tissue through predation or scavenging. |
Decomposers | are organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so, they carry out the natural process of decomposition. |
Spongy layer | a layer of loosely packed and irregularly shaped chlorophyll-bearing cells that fills the part of a leaf between the palisade layer and the lower epidermis -- called also spongy parenchyma, spongy tissue. |
Palisade layer | a layer of columnar cells rich in chloroplasts found beneath the upper epidermis of foliage leaves. |
Raw materials | Raw materials are materials or substances used in the primary production or manufacturing of goods. |
Oxygen | A colorless, tasteless, oderless, gaseous element that abounds in the atmosphere. Supplement. |
Carbon dioxide | Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas found in our atmosphere. |
Glucose | Glucose is the main type of sugar in the blood and is the major source of energy for the body's cells. |
Products | a cellular product is something "manufactured" by an organelle (such as the Golgi apparatus) |