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End of 3/3 Mus. mj
End of Musculoskeletal Notes 3/3 mj
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Deep Vein Thrombosis caused by | Virchow's Triad |
| Virchow's Triad | Venous stasis, vessel damage, and altered clotting |
| Prevention of DVT | anti-embolism stocking (Ted Hose), compression devices and eary ambulation |
| Compartment Syndrome | serious complication that results from internal or external pressure on the affected area. |
| Can be caused by bleeding or edema into a compartment | Internal pressure |
| Can be caused by a cast or tight dressing | External pressure |
| Within 4 to 6 hours, | irreversible muscle damage may occur |
| Can occur in 24 hours, | partial paralysis |
| Can occur in 24 to 48 hours, | complete paralysis |
| Avascular Necrosis | bone cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients, they die and the cell walls collaspe. |
| necrosis | no blood supply |
| Malunion | improper alignment of the bone ends resulting in external deformity |
| Nonunion | facture that never heals |
| Delayed union | failure of the fracture to heal in teh expected time. |
| Closed reduction | nonsurgical reduction of the bones |
| may be done with traction, angulation, rotation or a combination of these. | nonsurgical reduction |
| Open Reduction | surgical procedure where the bones are realigned. |
| Fixation | an attempt to attach the fragments of the bone together when reduction alone is not feasible. |
| Internal fixation | use of rods, pins, screws or metal plates to align the bone placed under the skin. |
| External fixation | use of rods, pins, screws or metal plates to align the bone placed to an external frame. |
| Casting | Plaster of Paris, Fiberglass |
| Least expensive cast | Plaster of Paris |
| plaster of paris | lift with only the palms during the drying time to prevent pressure areas. |
| short leg cast | fracture of the foot, ankle, or distal tibia or fibula |
| long leg cast | fracture of the distal femur, knee or lower leg |
| hip spica cast | fractures of the femur, acetabulum or pelvis. |
| short arm cast | fracture of the wrist or hand |
| long arm cast | fracture of the forearm, elbow or humerus |
Created by:
vmichellejones
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