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Plant Processes
SOL 7.5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll and generates oxygen as a byproduct. |
| Respiration | a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide from the oxidation of complex organic substances. |
| Stomata | any of the minute pores in the epidermis of the leaf or stem of a plant, forming a slit of variable width that allows movement of gases in and out of the intercellular spaces. |
| Guard Cells | each of a pair of curved cells that surround a stoma, becoming larger or smaller according to the pressure within the cells. |
| Chlorophyll | a green pigment, present in all green plants and in cyanobacteria, responsible for the absorption of light to provide energy for photosynthesis. Its molecule contains a magnesium atom held in a porphyrin ring. |
| Chloroplast | (in green plant cells) a plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place. |
| Light Dependent Reaction | The series of biochemical reactions in photosynthesis that require light energy that is captured by light-absorbing pigments (such as chlorophyll) to be converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. |
| Light Independent Reaction | are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose. |
| Energy Pyramid | a graphical model of energy flow in a community. The different levels represent different groups of organisms that might compose a food chain. From the bottom-up, they are as follows: Producers — bring energy from nonliving sources into the community. |
| Producer | An autotrophic organism capable of producing complex organic compounds from simple inorganic molecules through the process of photosynthesis (using light energy) or through chemosynthesis (using chemical energy) Supplement. Producers are in the first trop |
| Mitochondrion | known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. The biochemical processes of the cell are known as cellular respiration. |
| Autotrophs | An organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances, using light or chemical energy. |
| Consumers | An organism that generally obtains food by feeding on other organisms or organic matter due to lack of the ability to manufacture own food from inorganic sources; a heterotroph. Supplement. |
| Herbivore | any organism that eats only plants. |
| Omnivores | animal that eats either other animals or plants. |
| Heterotrophs | organism that cannot manufacture its own food and instead obtains its food and energy by taking in organic substances, usually plant or animal matter. |
| Carnivores | An animal or plant (particularly insect- and invertebrate-eating plants) that requires a staple diet consisting mainly or exclusively of animal tissue through predation or scavenging. |
| Decomposers | organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so, they carry out the natural process of decomposition. |
| Spongy Layer | a layer of loosely packed and irregularly shaped chlorophyll-bearing cells that fills the part of a leaf between the palisade layer and the lower epidermis |
| Palisade Layer | are plant cells located in leaves, right below the epidermis and cuticle. They are vertically elongated, a different shape from the spongy mesophyll cells beneath them in the leaf. Their chloroplasts absorb a major portion of the light energy used by the |
| Raw Materials | are materials or substances used in the primary production or manufacturing of goods. Raw materials are often referred to as commodities, which are bought and sold on commodities exchanges worldwide. |
| Oxygen | A colorless, tasteless, oderless, gaseous element that abounds in the atmosphere. |
| Carbon Dioxide | a colorless, odorless gas found in our atmosphere. Its chemical formula is CO2, which means it is one carbon atom bonded to two oxygen atoms. It is a waste product in our bodies and is also produced by burning fossil fuels. |
| Glucose | the main type of sugar in the blood and is the major source of energy for the body's cells. |
| Products | a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
Created by:
Maritssa.ME
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