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Science Test

end of term 2

TermDefinition
1. What are the meanings of the following terms? photosynthesis, pigment, chlorophyll, xanthophylls, carotenoids 1. Chlorophyll, xanthophylls and carotenoids are all pigments simulating the colors of the leafs at fall, take note that pigments are basically colors.
2. How can the different pigments in leaves be revealed? through a process called Paper Chromatography.
3. What is dissolving? Dissolving is when a solute fits into tiny spaces between the solvents particles
4. What different states can exist in a solution? They can be a solid, a liquid, a gas, or a combination
5. What is the difference between a solute and a solvent? A solute is what dissolves into a solvent, for e.g. sugar and baking powder is a solute, water and oil is a solvent, take note that most solutes are solid and most solvents are liquid, but this isn't always the case.
6. Identify the examples of solutes and solvents in these common substances: steel, brass, air, apple juice, ocean, vinegar, pop oxygen, carbon iron brass zinc copper air oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide nitrogen gas apple juice sugar, minerals water ocean different salts water vinegar liquid acetic acid water pop solid sugar, carbon dioxide gas water
7. Why is water called the universal solvent? Water dissolves most things otherwise from other substances.
8. What happens when sugar (a solute) dissolves in water (a solvent)? Explain using the particle theory and a diagram. The substance you have left is a mixed substance, since you disintegrated the solute into smaller particles, they can fit in the small spaces between the solvent, therefore dissolving the solute into the solvent
9. Why is the total volume of sugar and water often somewhat less than the volume of the separate components of sugar and water? Dissolving is when a solute fits into tiny spaces between the solvents particles, what seems less really isn't, its just denser then the pure components
10. What do the terms soluble and insoluble mean? Soluble is when the solute can dissolve in that specific solvent. Insoluble is when the solute cant dissolve in that specific solvent.
11. Does sugar dissolve equally well in all solvents? No, for e.g. sugar wont dissolve well in oil
12. What is the difference between concentrated and dilute solutions? Concentrated substances are solutions with lots of solute dissolved in it Dilute substances are solutions with a minimal amount of solute dissolved in it.
13. What are different methods for separating mechanical mixtures or solutions? - know the 10 methods, their descriptions and applications in industry and our real world 1. Settling 2. Floating 3. Sorting 4. Magnets 5. Sieving 6. Filtration 7. Dissolving 8. Evaporation 9. Distillation 10. Paper Chromatography
Created by: zzeina0851
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