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Hematologic disorder
hematologic blood disorders
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| packed RBC's | severe anemia or blood loss |
| frozen RBC's | autotransfusions |
| Platelets | bleeding from thrombocytopenia |
| albumin | hypovolemia from hypoalbuminemia |
| fresh frozen plasma | replace clotting factors |
| cryoprecipitates | provides specific missing clotting factors |
| fluid compatibility in blood transfusions | 0.9% Saline (normal saline) |
| warmed blood | severe bleeding prevent hypothermia |
| timing | 4 hours max |
| filtering | prevents harmful particles, reduce transmission of viruses |
| washed blood | removes all plasma reduce risk of reactions |
| vital signs | before and during transfusion per protocal |
| s/sx complications of blood administration | fever, urticaria, hemolysis, anaphylactic, circulatory overload |
| stay with patient time during transfusion | at least first 15 minutes of transfusion |
| febrile reaction | most common rx to blood admin, risk goes up for each transfusion (fever, chills, back ache) |
| urticarial rx | hives, is minor rx, notify dr, give benedryl |
| hemolytic rx | deadly, incompatible blood, within minutes (back pain, chest pain, chills, fever, SOB, vomiting, impending doom |
| anaphylactic rx | usually sensitive to immunoglobulins, severe gastrointestinal cramping, instant vomiting, uncontrollable diarrhea. |
| circulatory overload | rapid transfusion short amount of time in older patients, chest pain, cough, crackles, wheezes, tachycardia |
| O+ | rh antigen , can get 0-+ |
| 0- | no antigens, can only get 0- |
| AB+ | antigens for A, B, rh, can get 0, A, B, AB, -+ |
| AB- | antigens for A, B, but not Rh, can get only 0, A, B, AB, - |
| A- | antigens for A, not rh, can get A, 0 - |
| A+ | antigens for A, and rh, can get A, 0 -+ |
| B- | antigens for B, not rh, can get B, 0- |
| B+ | antigens for B, and rh, can get B, 0 -+ |
| two person verification | prevent errors in blood transfusions |
| blood to lab | two person verification |
| blood to patient | two person verification blood transfusion |
| coumadin | PT, INR |
| heparin | APTT |
| Activated Partial Thromboplastin time (APTT) | 25-39 seconds therapeutic range on heparin 1.5 - 2 times |
| International normalized ratio (INR) | normal less than 1.3 range for coumadin 2-3 |
| Normal RBC lab | 4.2-5.1 |
| Normal WBC lab | 4500 - 11,000 |
| HGB lab | 11.7 - 17.3 |
| HCT lab | 38% - 49% |
| sickle cell anemia | hemolytic anemia |
| aplastic anemia | bone marrow suppression |
| B12 anemia | no intrinsic factor |
| folic acid anemia | diet lack of folic acid |
| pancytopenia | lack of all blood products being made (bone marrow) aplastic |
| glossitis | s/sx of anemia |
| petechiae | small purplish hemorrhagic spots under skin |
| universal donar | 0- |
| universal recipient | AB+ |
| Prothrombin Time (PT) | 9.5-11.8 normal on coumadin 1.5 - 2 times normal |
Created by:
cbiondillo
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