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Understanding Atoms
Chapter 9
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| atomic number | number of protons in an atom of an element |
| isotopes | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| mass number | the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an atom |
| average atomic mass | the average mass of the element's isotopes weighted according to the abundance of each isotope |
| spontaneously | a result of sudden impulse |
| radioactive | elements that spontaneously emit radiation |
| nuclear decay | a process that occurs when an unstable atomic nucleus changes into another more stable nucleus by emitting radiation |
| alpha decay | when an atom releases an alpha particle, its atomic number decreases by two |
| beta decay | a neutron in an atom changes into a proton and a high-energy electron called a beta particle |
| gamma decay | gamma rays do not contain particles and the release of gamma rays does not change one element into another element |
| ion | an atom that is no longer neutral because it has gained or lost electrons |
| atom | the smallest piece of an element that still represents that element |
| electron | a particle with one negative charge (1-) |
| electron cloud | area around an atomic nucleus where electrons are located. |
| neutron | a neutral particle that exists in the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleus | the center of the atom |
| proton | an atomic particle that has one positive charge (1+) |
Created by:
lindakelly
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