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digestive system
digestive sistem vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alimentary canal | Word Origin. noun. Anatomy , Zoology . a tubular passage functioning in the digestion and absorption of food and the elimination of food residue, beginning at the mouth and terminating at the anus. |
| Anus | The anus (from Latin anus meaning "ring", "circle") is an opening at the opposite end of an animal's digestive tract from the mouth. |
| Appendicitis | Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a finger-shaped pouch that projects from your colon on the lower right side of your abdomen. The appendix doesn't seem to have a specific purpose. |
| Appendix | In humans the appendix is small and has no known function, but in rabbits, hares, and some other herbivores it is involved in the digestion of cellulose. |
| Bile | Bile is a yellow-green fluid that is made by the liver, stored in the gallbladder and passes through the common bile duct into the duodenum where it helps digest fat. |
| Chemical digestion | The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes. In chemical digestion, enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use. |
| Chyme | Chyme is pasty in consistency and contains the partially digested food, water, hydrochloric acid and digestive enzymes. |
| Colon | The colon is much wider than the small intestine, but is also much shorter |
| Constipation | Constipation refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass. ... Constipation has many causes. Common causes include slow movement of stool within the colon, irritable bowel syndrome, and pelvic floor disorders. |
| Diarrhea | Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day. It often lasts for a few days and can result in dehydration due to fluid loss |
| Esophagus | The esophagus (also spelled oesophagus/œsophagus), or gullet is an organ in vertebrates which consists of a muscular tube through which food passes from the mouth area to the stomach. . |
| Feces | Feces, also spelled faeces, also called excrement, solid bodily waste discharged from the large intestine through the anus during defecation. |
| Gallbladde | Gallbladder: A pear-shaped organ located below the liver that stores the bile secreted by the liver. During and after a fatty meal, the gallbladder contracts, delivering the bile through the bile ducts into the intestines to help with digestion. |
| Gastric juice | Gastric juice, thin, strongly acidic (pH varying from 1 to 3), almost colorless liquid secreted by the glands in the lining of the stomach. |
| Hydrochloric acid | hydrochloric acid. : an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride HCl that is a strong corrosive irritating acid, is normally present in dilute form in gastric juice, and is widely used in industry and in the laboratory. |
| Large intestine | the more terminal division of the vertebrate intestine that is wider and shorter than the small intestine, typically divided into cecum, colon, and rectum, and concerned especially with the resorption of water and the formation of feces. |
| Lipases | lipase noun Biochemistry. any of a class of enzymes that break down fats, produced by the liver, pancreas, and other digestive organs or by certain plants. |
| Liver | The liver performs various functions, such as manufacture proteins, including albumin and blood clotting factors; to synthesize, store, and process fats, including fatty acids and cholesterol |
| Mechanical digestion | The breaking down of food using chemical agents, such as enzymes and bile.Mechanical digestion. The breaking down of food by physical means, such as chewing. |
| Mucus | Mucus is a slippery secretion produced by mucous membranes. ... It is a viscous colloid containing antiseptic enzymes,immunoglobulins, inorganic salts, proteins such as lactoferrin, and glycoproteins |
| Oral cavity | cavity of the mouth especially : the part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the inner part of the mandible. |
| Pancreas | Pancreas (plural: pancreata) is a long, flat gland present in the belly. It is a vital part of the digestive system and is responsible for regulating blood sugar levels. |
| Pepsin | Proteins are digested by the enzymes called as proteases. ... Protein digestion is brought over by pepsin, trypsin and other exopeptidases. |
| Peristalsis | Peristalsis refers to the involuntary contraction and relaxation of the muscles of the digestive tract to move the food through the digestive system. |
| Ptyalin | Saliva contains the enzyme amylase, also called ptyalin, which is capable of breaking down starch into simpler sugars such as maltose and dextrin that can be further broken down in the small intestine. |
| Rectum | The rectum is the final straight portion of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals, and the gut in others. The adult human rectum is about 12 centimetres (4.7 in) long,[2] and begins. |
| Rennin | any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions. coagulase. an enzyme that induces coagulation. |
| Saliva | saliva a slightly alkaline secretion of water, mucin, protein, salts, and often a starch-splitting enzyme (such as ptyalin) that is secreted into the mouth by salivary glands, lubricates ingested food, and often begins the breakdown of starches. |
| Salivary glands | a small organ that produces saliva in the mouth |
| Small intestine | the narrow part of the intestine that lies between the stomach and colon, consists of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, secretes digestive enzymes, and is the chief site of the digestion of food into small molecules which are absorbed into the body |
| Stomach | The stomach is a muscular organ that is found in our upper abdomen. If we were to locate it on our bodies, it can be found on our left side just below the ribs. |
| Ulcer | An ulcer is a wound or lesion that is inflamed and painful. Ulcers are commonly found in the stomach where they are called peptic ulcers. |
| Villi | small intestine has millions of tiny finger-like projections called villi. These villi increase the surface area for more efficient food absorption. |
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guissel
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