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Biological psy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cushing's syndrome | a long-term excess of glucocorticiods, many symptoms: depression, fatigue, hirsutism, various autonomic symptoms, and psychosis |
| Islets of Langerhans | are clusters of cells through out the pancreas that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream- hormones secreted include insulin and glucagon |
| Melatonin | is an amine hormone released by the pineal, plays a role in biological rythms, especially the timing of sleep onset |
| Pineal gland | sits atop the brainstem and in mammals is overlaid by the cerebral hemispheres. It is a signal structure |
| Gonadotopin-inhibiting hormone | hypothalamic peptide that inhibits gonadotropins |
| Ovaries | paired female gonads |
| Estrogen and Progestin | two major classes of steroid hormones that the ovary produce |
| Testes | are sperm producing sertoli cells and leydig cells, which produce and secrete the sex steroid testosterone and androgens |
| Gonads | consis of two different subcompartments-one to produce hormones and another to produce gametes |
| cretinism-congenital hypothyroidism | thyroid deficiency early in life can cause marded reduction in brain size and branching of axons and dentrites |
| goiter | thyroid hormones are dependent on the supply of iodine-hyperthyroidism-driven by higher and higher TSH levels. the thyroid gland swells in its attempt to produce more thyroid hormones |
| Thyrotropin-releasing hormone TRH | stimilates the release of TSH form the pituitary |
| thyroid gland | gland that produces and secretes several hormones, two are, thyroxine and triiodothyronine |
| Androstenedione | contributes to the adultpattern of body hair in men and women |
| Mineralocorticoids | have effects on minerals such as sodium and potassium. |
| Aldosterone | the primary mineralocorticiod, acts on the kidneys to retain sodium and thus reduces and amount of urine produced, conserving water. |
| Cortisol | increases the level of blood glucose and accelerate the breakdown of carbohydrates, including glucose. |
| Adrenocorticoids | a variety of steroid hormones that are produced and secreted from the adrenal cortex |
| Glucocorticoids | hormones that have effects on the metabolism of carbohydrates, including glucose |
| Epinephrine & Norephinephrine | released by the adrenal medulla, amine hormones that are under the control of the sympathetic nervous system |
| Adrenal Medulla | 20% of the adrenal gland, really a protion of the sympathetic nervous system because it is richly supplied with autononmic nerves |
| Adrenal Cortex | 80% of the adrenal gland, is composed of distinct layers of cells, each producing different steroid hormones |
| Adrenal Gland | rests on top of each kidney, it secretes a large variety of hormones in mammals, it is divided into two major portions |
| Prolactin | it stimulates lactation in female mammals. has a number of roles in addition to its actions on breast tissue. it is closely involved in teh parental behavior of a wide variety of vertebrate species |
| Milk letdown reflex | triggered by oxytocin, the contraction of mammary gland cells that ejects mild into the breast ducts-exemplifies the relationship between behavioral and hormone release |
| Posterior pituitary gland | secretes two principal hormones, oxytocin and arginine vasopressin |
Created by:
katie.desmul
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