Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Contractility | Ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force |
| Excitability | Capacity of muscles to respond to a stimulus |
| Elasticity | recoil to their original resting length after stretched |
| Epimysium | Connective tissue sheath |
| Fascia | Another tissue located outside the epimysium, separates muscle |
| Perimysium | Loose connective tissue |
| Fasciculi | A muscle composed of numerous visible bundles |
| Fibers | Single muscle cells |
| Endomysium | Connective tissue sheath that surrounds |
| Myofibrils | Threadlike structure, extends to one end of the fiber to the other |
| Actin myofilaments | Resemble two minute strands of pearls twisted together |
| Myosin myofilaments | Resemble bundles of minute golf clubs |
| Sarcomeres | Highly ordered units |
| Resting membrane potential | Charge difference across the membrane |
| Action potential | Brief reversal back of the charge |
| Motor neurons | Cell that carry action potential to skeletal muscle |
| Synapse | Near the center of the cell |
| Motor unit | Single motor neuron and all skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
| Presynaptic terminal | Enlarged nerve terminal |
| Synaptic cleft | Space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| Postsynaptic terminal | Muscle fiber |
| Synaptic vesicles | Presynaptic terminal contains a synaptic vesicle |
| Acetylcholine | Secrets a neurotransmitter |
| Acetylcholinesterase | An enzyme that is rapidly broken down |
| Sliding filament mechanisms | Sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin during contractions |
| muscle twitch | a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers. |
| threshold | fiber will not respond to stimulus until that stimulus reaches a level called |
| all-or-none response | phenomenon is called |
| lag phase | time between application of a stimulus to a motor neuron |
| contraction phase | The time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | time during which the muscle relaxes |
| Tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| recruitment | The increase in number of motor units being activated is called |
| ATP (adenosine triphosphate) | needed for energy for muscle contraction |
| ATP | produced in the mitochondria |
| ATP | short-lived and unstable |
| ADP (adenosine diphosphate) | degenerates to the more stable adp plus phosphate |
| creatine phosphate | can store another high-energy molecule |
| Anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| Aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| oxygen debt | amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phosphate stores in muscle cells |
| Muscle fatigue | results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells |
| isometric | the length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process |
| isotonic | amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction, but the length of the muscle changes |
| Muscle tone | Muscle tone refers to constant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time |
| Fast-twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
| Slow-twitch fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue |
| origin(head) | the most stationary end of the muscle |
| insertion | the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| belly | portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion is the |
| synergists | Muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements are |
| antagonists | Muscles that work in opposition to one another are |
| prime mover | one muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement |
| Orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids and causes “crows feet” wrinkles in the skin at the lateral corners of the eye |
| Orbicularis oris | puckers the lips |
| Occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows |
| Buccinator | flattens the cheeks. Trumpeter’s muscle. Orbicularis oris and buccinator are the kissing muscles |
| Zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
| Levator labii superioris | sneering |
| Depressor anguli oris | frowning |
| Mastication | chewing |
| 4 pairs of mastication muscles | 2 pair of pterygoids, temporalis, and masseter |
| Intrinsic Tongue Muscles | change the shape of the tongue |
| Extrinsic Tongue Muscles | move the tongue |
| Neck Muscle | Sternocleidomastoid |
| Sternocleidomastoid | lateral neck muscle and prime mover. Rotates and abducts the head |
| Trunk Muscles | Erector spinae |
| Erector spinae | group of muscles on each side of the back. Responsible for keeping the back straight and the body erect |
| Thoracic Muscles | muscles that move the thorax |
| External intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration |
| Internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration |
| Diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing. Dome-shaped muscle. Aids in breathing |
| Abdominal wall muscles | muscles of the anterior abdominal wall flex and rotate the vertebral column, compress the abdominal cavity, and hold in the abdominal viscera |
| linea alba | tendinous area of the abdominal wall called |
| rectus abdominis | each side of the linea alba is the |
| Tendinous inscriptions | cross the rectus abdominis at three or more locations, causing the abdominal wall of a well-muscled person to appear segmented |
Created by:
Kaylinleek
Popular Earth Science sets