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HESI-A2 A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is is NOT a function of the digestive tract? | To perform gas exchange |
| The body, at all times, attempts to maintain homeostasis. The best definition of homeostasis is: | a process that maintains the stability of the human body's internal environment in response to changes in internal and external conditions. |
| The endocrine system of the body is responsible for: | communication through the use of hormones. |
| Anatomical position shows the body in a(n) ______ position. | Anterior |
| Vitamin K is created in the: | Intestinal tract. |
| The largest organ in the body is the _____. | Skin. |
| A medical scientist wants to study the parenchyma of the kidney. This scientist would correctly be known, most specifically, as a: | Histology. |
| What is Erythropoiesis? | Red blood cell formation |
| In which part of the body is keratin NOT found? | Teeth |
| What is the relationship between sarcomeres and muscle cells? | Muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres. |
| A person who has torn their vastus lateralis muscle will need which of the following? | A cane or crutches |
| Muscles produce contraction due to the sliding action of: | Filaments. |
| The medulla oblongata has what primary responsibility? | Vital functions |
| What is is true about simple reflexes? | They travel only through the spinal cord. |
| Estrogen serves what primary function in the female reproductive system? | It initiates the preparation of the endometrium for pregnancy. |
| What is the name of the structure that transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder? | Ureters. |
| Humans can survive most easily without which of the following? | Gallbladder |
| What is NOT a role of cortisol? | Controlling motor impulses |
| How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal cord? | 31 |
| The spinal cord reaches from the base of the skull to the first or second lumbar vertebra. The base of the skull is also known as: | foramen magnum |
| Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a substance that performs which of the following? | Acts as a secondary messenger |
| The neuron is composed of a/n ________, which transmits signals toward the cell body, and a/n _______, which transmits signals away from the cell body. | dendrite, axon |
| The pectoralis major muscle is located in which general area? | The chest |
| The soleus muscle is located in which general area? | The legs |
| Which of the following is responsible for differentiation, or specialization, of cells? | Hormones |
| Statement that best describes the alimentary canal. | The alimentary canal consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. |
| A woman’s body usually ovulates around what day in a normal 30-day cycle? | Day 14 |
| Sperm, once created, are stored in an area of the male body called the ______. | Epididymis |
| The best analogy describing the function of the kidneys? | waste treatment plant |
| What is the most widely distributed type of sweat gland? | Eccrine |
| Michael is playing on the playground with Suzy and decides to climb the castle while Suzy stays on the ground. Michael’s position relative to Suzy is ________. | Superior |
| Moving the arm toward the body would be described as a _______ movement, rather than a ______ movement. | Proximal, distal |
| The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the end of your femur. What area is she describing? | Epiphysis |
| What is true of the axial skeleton? | The axial skeleton consists of a total of 28 bones of the skull. |
| A patient of yours is diagnosed with emphysema. In emphysema, the alveoli have trouble exchanging gases between the atmosphere and the blood. It would be true to say that this patient has difficulty with what type of respiration? | External |
| Deflections of the EKG represent which of the following? | The electrical activity that precedes contraction and relaxation. |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone are what type of hormones? | Tropic |
| What is the purpose of the mastication of food? | To increase its surface area |
| What stimulates the interstitial cells of the testicles to produce testosterone? | LH (luteinizing hormone) |
| Inhalation requires the contraction of what structure? | The diaphragm. |
| Which of the following statements is anatomically correct? 1. The knee is distal to the ankle 2. The heart is inferior to the diaphragm 3. The hip is proximal to the knee 4. The wrist is proximal to the elbow | The hip is proximal to the knee |
| If you wanted to separate the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity, which plane would you use? | Transverse |
| You have been given a sample of tissue that has pillar-shaped cells arranged tightly together. The tissue you have is | Columnar epithelium |
| The epidermis is classified as a(n) | Tissue |
| Which type of tissue provides support and structure for the organs? | Connective |
| Within which epidermal layer of the skin does mitosis occur? | Stratum germinativum |
| The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the middle region of the humerus. What area is he describing? | Diaphysis |
| Going from superior to inferior, the sequence of the vertebral column is: | Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccyx |
| The cells that form compact bone are called: | Osteoblasts |
| What is true of skeletal muscle? | Skeletal muscle attaches to bones by tendon Muscle contraction helps keep the body warm Skeletal muscles continuously contract to maintain posture |
| What is needed for a muscle cell to contract | Calcium and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) |
| If an impulse is traveling from a sense receptor toward the spinal cord, it is traveling along what type of neuron | Sensory neuron |
| What does the parathyroid hormone regulate? | Calcium |
| Where are the pressure rotors and chemoreceptors locates? | Carotid body |
| Bile is secreted into which organ? | Small intestine |
| What is the role of progesterone in the female reproductive system | Stimulates the development of the endometrium |
| What are the two types of cellular transport? | Active and passive |
| How many basic tissue types does a human have | 4 |
| Name three types of muscle tissue | Skeletal smooth and cardiac |
| Which organ system has the purpose of producing movement through contraction | Muscular |
| Which term means towards the front of the body | Anterior |
| The brain is part of the | Integumentary system |
| The study of the structure and shape of the human body | Anatomy |
| The study of how parts of the body function | Physiology |
| Three types of connective tissue | Cartilage adipose tissue and blood tissue |
| Best definition for the term circulation | Transport of oxygen and other nutrients to the tissues via the cardiovascular system |
| How many organ systems in the body | 11 |
| Which organ system includes the spleen | Lymphatic |
| Which term means close to the trunk of the body | Proximal |
| What does the integumentary system, the skin do | Helps regulate body temperature Waterproofs the body Protect internal tissues from injury |
| What does the term optic refer to | The eye or vision |
Created by:
Kab8827
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