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Chapter 6 Bio

Chapter 6 Biology

QuestionAnswer
Photosynthesis is the process by which certain organisms use light energy to ______? make sugar and oxygen gas from carbon dioxide and water
Before photosynthesis evolved, Earth’s atmosphere had little ____? free oxygen
____ released during photosynthesis changed the atmosphere oxygen
Organisms are either ____ or ____. autotrophs, heterotrophs
Autotrophs are....? Plants. Primary producers. They make their own food (organic) from inorganic molecule.
Heterotrophs...? obtain organic molecules from other organisms. Humans are heterotrophs.
Visible light is what? A small part of a spectrum of electromagnetic energy radiating from the sun.
Electromagnetic energy travels in ____ and is organized as ____. waves, photons
Wavelengths of visible light are measured in ____. nanometers
____ is the pigment that makes photosynthesis happen. Chlorophyll a
Photons not captured are reflected as ____. color
Pigments are molecules that absorb light in the ____ ____. visible range
Chlorophyll a appears ____. Green
Chlorophyll b, carotenoids, phycobilins absorb ____ ____. additional wavelengths.
Photosynthesis proceeds in two stages. Light-dependent reactions
The summary equation for photosynthesis is... 6H2O + 6CO2 - sunlight -6O2 + C6H12O6
Light-dependent reactions occur at a ____ ____. Thylakoid Membrane -a single, continuous compartment inside the stroma (chloroplast’s semifluid interior)
Light-independent reactions occur in the ____. stroma -Chloropasts Semifluid
Typically, sunlight energy drives the formation of ____ and ____. ATP, NADPH
Oxygen is released from the ____. Chloroplast (and the cell)
Photosystems are.... Found in the thylakoid membranes, composed of several hundred chlorophyl a, chlorophyl b, and proteins, and act as light gathering complex- capture solar power.
Each photosystem consists of... Light-harvesting and A reaction center
Two connected photosystems in thylakoid are ____ and ____. Photosystem II, Photosystem I
Photosystems absorb photons of ____ and transfer the ____ to chlorophyll ____ and ____. light, energy, P680, P700
The excited electrons are passed from the ____ ____ ____ to ____ ____ ____. primary electron acceptor, electron transport chains
In both pathways, electron flow through electron transfer chains causes ____ to accumulate in the thylakoid compartment H+
A ____ ____ ____ builds up across the thylakoid membrane. hydrogen ion gradient
H+ flows back across the membrane through ____ ____. Results in formation of ATP in the ____. ATP synthases. Stroma.
Electrons released from photosysten II flow through an ____ ____ ____. At the end of the chain, they enter ____. electron transfer chain, photosystem I.
Photon energy causes photosysten I to release electrons, which end up in ____. NADPH
Photosystem II replaces lost electrons by pulling them from water. What is this called? Photolysis.
In Cyclic Photophosphorylation,electrons released from photosystem I enter an electron transfer chain, then cycle back to ____. photosystem I
In Cyclic Photophosphorylation, ____ does not form, and ____ is not released. NADPH,oxygen.
Calvin Cycle happens in what photosynthesis stage? Light Independent.
Enzyme rubisco attaches carbon from CO2 to RuBP to start the ____-____ ____. Calvin- Benson Cycle.
Cyclic pathway makes phosphorylated glucose and uses what? energy from ATP, carbon and oxygen from CO2, and hydrogen and electrons from NADPH
Photoautotrophs remove ____. CO2
Created by: kal4dnc
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