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Science ~ Term 2

Pure Substances and Mixtures (Final Test)

QuestionAnswer
What is the definition of chlorophyl? Chlorophyl is the most important/visible coloured pigment, it makes the leaves appear green.
What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is the process of plants converting light energy to chemical food energy.
How can different pigments (in leaves) be revealed? Chromatography helps to see the colours by separating different parts of a mixture by passing through filter paper.
What is the definition of xanthophyll? Xanthophyll is the yellow pigment in leaves.
What are carotenoids? Carotenoids are the orange pigments in leaves.
What is pigment? The substance that gives an object a particular colour. Brightly coloured pigments are needed for leaves to absorb light.
Why is water called the universal solvent? Because water probably dissolves more different substances/solutes than any other solvent.
What is dissolving? When a substance completely mixes into another solution.
What different states can exist in a solution? They can be a liquid, solid, gas, or a combination.
What is the difference between a solute and solvent? A solute is the substance that dissolves. A solvent is what the solute dissolves into a solution.
Identify examples of solutes and solvents in steel. Solute(s) - oxygen, carbon Solvent - iron
Identify examples of solutes and solvents in brass. Solute - zinc Solvent - copper
Identify examples of solutes and solvents in air. Solute(s) - oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide Solvent - nitrogen gas
What happens when the solute sugar dissolves in the solvent water? The sugar particles have spaces between them leaving room for the smaller water particles to fit in between the larger sugar particles.
Why is the total volume of sugar and water somewhat less than the volume of the separate components of sugar and water? Sugar and water particles are attracted to one another so they move closer together when mixed and therefore take up a little less space.
Identify examples of solutes and solvents in apple juice. Solute(s) - sugar, minerals Solvent - water
Identify examples of solutes and solvents in the ocean. Solute(s) - different salts Solvent - water
Identify examples of solutes and solvents in vinegar. Solute - liquid acetic acid Solvent - water
Identify examples of solutes and solvents in pop. Solute(s) - solid sugar, carbon dioxide gas Solvent - water
What is the definition of soluble? Soluble means it is able to dissolve in a specified solvent.
What is the definition of insoluble? Insoluble means it isn't able/unable to dissolve in a specified solvent.
Does sugar dissolve equally in all solvents? No. For example, sugar is soluble in water but insoluble in vegetable oil.
What is a concentrated solution? A large amount of solute in a volume of solvent.
What is a diluted solution? A small amount of solute in a volume of solvent.
What is the method of separation when a 'heavier' component sinks to the bottom of a liquid, and the liquid can be poured off? Settling.
What is the method of separation when a filter traps solid pieces of a mixture but allows liquids and gasses to pass through? Filtering.
What is the method of separation a device with many holes is used to separate components of mixtures? Sieving.
What is the method of separation when you physically sort large pieces of a mechanical mixture so similar pieces are together? Sorting.
What is the method of separation when a liquid changes into a gas and can be used to remove liquid from a solution made up of a liquid and solid? Evaporation.
What is the method of separation when you separate metals that are attracted to magnets? Using a magnet.
What is the method of separation when you dissolve a part of a mechanical mixture that dissolves easily from the rest of the mixture? Dissolving.
What is the method of separation used to separate and identify different chemicals in ink? Paper Chromatography.
What is the method of separation used to separate liquids by heating the solution, trapping and cooling the gas, and collecting the resulting pure liquid? Distillation.
What is the method of separation when the "lighter" component rises to the top of a liquid where it can be skimmed or poured off? Floating.
Created by: ncenicc
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