Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
science ch. 5
science ch 5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| anaphase | Spindle fibers shorten, pulling the sister chromatids toward the opposite poles of the cell. This gives each pole a complete set of chromosomes. |
| binary fission | The cell simply splits into two equal halves and occurs in bacteria and other prokaryotes. |
| cell cycle | All of the stages that a cell goes through |
| chromosome | consists of DNA and protein molecules coiled into a definite shape |
| cell division | the division of a cell into 2 daughter cells with the same genetic material |
| cytokinesis | The cell wall grows toward the center of the cell. The cytoplasm splits apart, and the cell pinches in two |
| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) | the nucleic acid that stores genetic information |
| DNA replication | The process in which DNA is copied |
| interphase | the cells are preparing for cell division |
| metaphase | Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the sister chromatids. The sister chromatids line up at the center of the cell. |
| mitosis | division of the nucleus, occurs only in eukaryotic cells. |
| prophase | Chromosomes form, and the nuclear membrane breaks down. In animal cells, the centrioles near the nucleus move to opposite poles of the cell. Fibers called spindles form between the centrioles. |
| telophase | The chromosomes uncoil, and the spindle fibers break down. New nuclear membranes form. |
| asexual reproduction | It involves just one parent. The offspring are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. |
| diploid | The number of chromosomes in normal body cells |
| egg | A gamete produced by a female parent |
| fertilization | The union of the two gametes i |
| gamete | Special cells produced by the parents |
| haploid | The number of different types of chromosomes |
| homologous chromosomes | The two members of a given pair of chromosomes |
| meiosis | a special type of cell division. It produces haploid daughter cells. It occurs when an organism makes gametes. |
| sperm | A gamete produced by a male parent |
| zygote | The initial cell that forms when two gametes unite |
| codon | These three-letter code words |
| genetic code | the sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA |
| mutagen | Anything in the environment that causes a mutation |
| mutation | a change in the base sequence of DNA or RNA. |
| protein synthesis | The process in which proteins are made. |
| RNA (ribonucleic acid) | It copies instructions in DNA and carries them to a ribosome in the cytoplasm. Then it helps build the protein. |
| transcription | the first step in protein synthesis. It takes place in the nucleus. A strand of DNA is copied to make a strand of mRNA |
| translation | the second step in protein synthesis. It takes place at a ribosome in the cytoplasm. The genetic code in mRNA is read to make a protein. |
Created by:
tmanfred
Popular Science sets