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Porifera to Mollusc
Zoology Test review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
If an animal is lacking a body cavity, what is it called? | Acoelomate |
What do poriferas have instead of a skeleton for support? | spicules |
Why are scientists studying planaria? | To learn about their stem cells and how to apply to humans |
Why do jellyfish swim? | to create currents that bring food to the mouth |
What part of a gastropod creates the shell? | mantle |
What is the remaining part of a shell in squid? | pen |
What are the cells in sponges that filter food from water? | collar cells |
Planarians breathe through what organ? | skin |
What are the stabilizers on squid and cuttlefish called? | lateral fins |
What is the sessile form of cnidarians called? | polyp |
What is the bell shaped form of cnidarians called? | medusa |
What type of symmetry do sponges have? | none - asymmetrical |
How do planaria move? | cilia on ventral surface and muscle contractions |
How is radial symmetry an advantage for sessile animals? | Allows a sessile animal to interact with its surroundings equally in any direction |
How is bilateral symmetry an advantage for motile animals? | Allows the animal to move head first, with all sensory organs directed into the new environment. |
What cell is used to camouflage octopuses? | chromatophores |
Are sponges sessile, sedentary or free swimming? | sessile |
What does mollusk mean? | soft body |
True or False: clams snails and octopuses are all molluscs. | true |
Where does the water enter and exit the mantle cavity of a bivalve? | siphon |
Some molluscs have a hard, protective outer "case" secreted by the mantle. It is called the | shell |
Porifera lack symmetry and __________ which distinguishes them from other phyla | tissues |
How do sponges reproduce? | budding |
Sea anemones have ____ symmetry | radial |
True or false: Sponges are unicellular | false |
What does gastropod mean? | stomach foot |
What secretes the shell in some molluscs? | mantle |
Organisms with three germ layers are called | triplobastic |
What maintains an organisms form with water pressure? | hydrostatic skeleton |
Sensory organs focused to one area is called | cephalization |
What is the radula used for? | tearing flesh and eating |
Cestoda are also known as? | tapeworms |
True or false: Platyhelminthes can reproduce both sexually and asexually | true |
What is the hierarchal order of classification? | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
Monogenea usually affect what type of animals? | fish |
How many classes of flatworms are there? | four. turbellaria, trematode, cestode, monogenea |
Which class of the Platyhelminthes has nonparasitic species? | tubellaria |
What are two phyla of radiate animals? | cnidaria and ctenAophora |
What are the stinging cells in cnidaria called? | cnidocytes |
Which Platyhelminthes class(es) contains flukes? | trematode and monogenea |
How do bivalves move? | by their foot |
What circulatory system do most cephalopods have? | closed |
What is the function of the funnel in cephalopods? | to expel water either forwards or backwards for movement |
Which cephalopod has two pairs of gills? | nautiluses |
What is the function of the brachial hearts in cephalopods? | located at the base of the gills, they increase blood pressure in the circulatory system |
Is there a larval stage in cephalopods? | no, eggs develop directly into juveniles |
What is the larval stage of marine molluscs? | trochophores |
Which cephalopod doesn't have a complex eye? | nautiluses |
Which cephalopods have no shells? | octopuses |
What are bivalves? | molluscs with two shell parts |
Medusa and polyps are forms of what? | cnidarians |
How do ctenophore capture prey? | colloblast cells (sticky) |
Term used to describe an organism with both male and female reproductive organs? | hermaphrodite |
How is gas exchanged in a hydra? (name the process) | through diffusion |
Cnidarian form that has free swimming and sexual reproduction | medusa |
Cnidarian form that is sessile and reproduces asexually through budding | polyp |
What two ways do flatworms move? | cilia and muscle cells |
Cuttlefish, octopus and squid belong to what class? | cephalopods |
Animals containing 2 germ layers are called | diploblastic |
Sponges are _____ feeders which also provides an ecological service for the environment | filter |
What is the most simple multicellular animal? | sponge (porifera) |
How do flatworms mate? | penis fencing |
What side of the snail is its shell on? (posterior, dorsal, anterior or ventral) | dorsal |
In which class of flatworms is the first host a mollusk? | trematoda |
The group of cells that can detect light? | eye spot |
What is the "first hunter"? | flatworm |
What is a group of nerve cells that act like a brain controlling the nervous system? | ganglia |
True or false: color vision is important and useful in cephalopods? | false |
How do the shells of bivalves stay closed? | adductor muscles |
Jellyfish are part of what phylum? | cnidaria |
A cnidocyte shoots _____ to catch prey | nematocysts |
Water flows out of the ___________ in the sponge | osculum |
A specialized flagellated cell of the flatworm that removes excess water | flame cell |