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Porifera to Mollusc
Zoology Test review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| If an animal is lacking a body cavity, what is it called? | Acoelomate |
| What do poriferas have instead of a skeleton for support? | spicules |
| Why are scientists studying planaria? | To learn about their stem cells and how to apply to humans |
| Why do jellyfish swim? | to create currents that bring food to the mouth |
| What part of a gastropod creates the shell? | mantle |
| What is the remaining part of a shell in squid? | pen |
| What are the cells in sponges that filter food from water? | collar cells |
| Planarians breathe through what organ? | skin |
| What are the stabilizers on squid and cuttlefish called? | lateral fins |
| What is the sessile form of cnidarians called? | polyp |
| What is the bell shaped form of cnidarians called? | medusa |
| What type of symmetry do sponges have? | none - asymmetrical |
| How do planaria move? | cilia on ventral surface and muscle contractions |
| How is radial symmetry an advantage for sessile animals? | Allows a sessile animal to interact with its surroundings equally in any direction |
| How is bilateral symmetry an advantage for motile animals? | Allows the animal to move head first, with all sensory organs directed into the new environment. |
| What cell is used to camouflage octopuses? | chromatophores |
| Are sponges sessile, sedentary or free swimming? | sessile |
| What does mollusk mean? | soft body |
| True or False: clams snails and octopuses are all molluscs. | true |
| Where does the water enter and exit the mantle cavity of a bivalve? | siphon |
| Some molluscs have a hard, protective outer "case" secreted by the mantle. It is called the | shell |
| Porifera lack symmetry and __________ which distinguishes them from other phyla | tissues |
| How do sponges reproduce? | budding |
| Sea anemones have ____ symmetry | radial |
| True or false: Sponges are unicellular | false |
| What does gastropod mean? | stomach foot |
| What secretes the shell in some molluscs? | mantle |
| Organisms with three germ layers are called | triplobastic |
| What maintains an organisms form with water pressure? | hydrostatic skeleton |
| Sensory organs focused to one area is called | cephalization |
| What is the radula used for? | tearing flesh and eating |
| Cestoda are also known as? | tapeworms |
| True or false: Platyhelminthes can reproduce both sexually and asexually | true |
| What is the hierarchal order of classification? | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, class, order, family, genus, species |
| Monogenea usually affect what type of animals? | fish |
| How many classes of flatworms are there? | four. turbellaria, trematode, cestode, monogenea |
| Which class of the Platyhelminthes has nonparasitic species? | tubellaria |
| What are two phyla of radiate animals? | cnidaria and ctenAophora |
| What are the stinging cells in cnidaria called? | cnidocytes |
| Which Platyhelminthes class(es) contains flukes? | trematode and monogenea |
| How do bivalves move? | by their foot |
| What circulatory system do most cephalopods have? | closed |
| What is the function of the funnel in cephalopods? | to expel water either forwards or backwards for movement |
| Which cephalopod has two pairs of gills? | nautiluses |
| What is the function of the brachial hearts in cephalopods? | located at the base of the gills, they increase blood pressure in the circulatory system |
| Is there a larval stage in cephalopods? | no, eggs develop directly into juveniles |
| What is the larval stage of marine molluscs? | trochophores |
| Which cephalopod doesn't have a complex eye? | nautiluses |
| Which cephalopods have no shells? | octopuses |
| What are bivalves? | molluscs with two shell parts |
| Medusa and polyps are forms of what? | cnidarians |
| How do ctenophore capture prey? | colloblast cells (sticky) |
| Term used to describe an organism with both male and female reproductive organs? | hermaphrodite |
| How is gas exchanged in a hydra? (name the process) | through diffusion |
| Cnidarian form that has free swimming and sexual reproduction | medusa |
| Cnidarian form that is sessile and reproduces asexually through budding | polyp |
| What two ways do flatworms move? | cilia and muscle cells |
| Cuttlefish, octopus and squid belong to what class? | cephalopods |
| Animals containing 2 germ layers are called | diploblastic |
| Sponges are _____ feeders which also provides an ecological service for the environment | filter |
| What is the most simple multicellular animal? | sponge (porifera) |
| How do flatworms mate? | penis fencing |
| What side of the snail is its shell on? (posterior, dorsal, anterior or ventral) | dorsal |
| In which class of flatworms is the first host a mollusk? | trematoda |
| The group of cells that can detect light? | eye spot |
| What is the "first hunter"? | flatworm |
| What is a group of nerve cells that act like a brain controlling the nervous system? | ganglia |
| True or false: color vision is important and useful in cephalopods? | false |
| How do the shells of bivalves stay closed? | adductor muscles |
| Jellyfish are part of what phylum? | cnidaria |
| A cnidocyte shoots _____ to catch prey | nematocysts |
| Water flows out of the ___________ in the sponge | osculum |
| A specialized flagellated cell of the flatworm that removes excess water | flame cell |
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