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B1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a eukaryotic cell | A complex cell that has a neucleus |
| What is a prokaryotic cell | A cell without a nucleus |
| What's is the job of the flagella | To move the cell |
| What is a plasmid | Small circular rings of DNA |
| What is the job of the slime layer | To protect the cell |
| What is the cell wall made of | Cellulose |
| What is the job of the nucleus | Where the DNA is stored and controls the cell |
| What is the job of the cytoplasm | Where the chemical reactions take place |
| What is the job of the cell membrane | Controls what can enter and exit the cell |
| What is the job of the mitochondria | Aerobic respiration |
| What is the job of the ribosomes | Protein synthesis |
| What is the job of the cell wall | Strengthens and supports the cell |
| What is the job of the chloroplasts | Photosynthesis |
| What is the job of the vacuole | Gives the cell its shape contains cell sap |
| How is the nerve cell adapted | Long and branched to connect to other cells |
| How is the muscle cell adapted | Long so there is space to contract |
| How is the sperm cell adapted | Long tail and streamlined shape for swimming Contains enzymes to eat through outer layers of ovum(egg cell) |
| How is the root hair cell adapted | Large surface area for water absorption |
| How is the xylem and phloem cell adapted | Long and hollow like a straw |
| Define magnification | Size of image |
| Define resolution | Detail of image |
| What is the equation for magnification | Magnification=image size/actual size |
| What are the drawbacks of the light microscope | Limited magnification and resolution |
| What are the advantages of an electron microscope | Higher magnification and resolution |
| Why are the equipment for culturing microorganisms sterilised | To kill unwanted microbes |
| How is an inoculating loop sterilised | Holding it in a flame |
| Why must the agar plate be taped shut | To avoid contamination with air |
| What is a chromosome | Coiled up DNA |
| Describe the cell cycle | Interphase- ribosomes mitochondria and chromosomes duplicated cell grows Mitosis- set of chromosomes pulled to each end of the cell nucleus splits Cytokinesis- cell divides |
| What is a stem cell | An undifferentiated cell |
| What is an embryonic stem cell | A stem cell that can transform into any type of cell |
| What is an adult stem cell | A stem cell that can only transform into certain types of cell |
| What is meristem tissue | It can differentiate into any plant cell |
| What is therapeutic cell cloning | Using stem cells to replace faulty cells |
| Define diffusion | The movement of particles from a high concentration to a low concentration |
| Give two examples of diffusion | CO2 into a plant Urea from cell to blood plasma Oxygen from blood to cell |
| What three factors affect the rate of diffusion | Concentration gradient Temperature Surface area |
| Define osmosis | The movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration through a semipermeable membrane |
| Define active transport | Movement of particles against a concentration gradient |
| Give 2 examples of active transport | Sugar from gut to blood Minerals from soil to plant root |
Created by:
Liam P