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Factors and Routes
Chap.35
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| FACTORS AFFECTING MEDICATION ACTION | DEVELOPMENTAL FACTORS; GENDER; CULTURAL,ETHNIC,AND GENETIC FACTORS; DIET; ENVIRONMENT; PSYCHOLOGIC FACTORS; ILLNESS AND DISEASE; TIME OF ADMINISTRATION |
| ROUTES OF ADMINSTRATION: | ORAL, SUBLINGUAL, BUCCAL, RECTAL, VAGINAL, TOPICAL, TRANSDERMAL, SUBCUTANEOUS, INTRAMUSCULAR, INTRADERMAL, INTRAVENOUS, INHALATION |
| THE MOST COMMON, LEAST EXPENSIVE, AND MOST CONVENIENT ROUTE FOR MOST CLIENTS IS: | ORAL |
| A DRUG IS PLACE UNDER THE TONGUE, WHERE IT DISSOLVES | SUBLINGUAL |
| MAJOR DISADVANTAGES OR ORAL ADMINISTRATION ARE: | POSSIBLY UNPLEASANT TASTE, IRRITATION OF THE GASTRIC MUCOSA, IRREGULAR ABSORPTION FROM THE GI TRACT, SLOW ABSORPTION, AND IN SOME CASES HARM TO THE CLIENT'S TEETH |
| THIS MEDICATION SHOULD NOT BE SWALLOWED IN THIS ROUTE | SUBLINGUAL |
| POSSIBLY THE SAFEST ROUTE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION IS: | ORAL |
| A MEDICATION IS HELD N THE MOUTH AGAINST THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES OF THE CHEEK UNTIL THE DRUG DISSOLVES | BUCCAL---WHICH MEANS, "PERTAINING TO THE CHEEK" |
| THE DRUG IS LARGELY ABSORBED INTO THE BLOOD VESSELS UNDER THE TONGUE USING THIS ROUTE | SUBLINGUAL |
| DEFINED AS OTHER THAN THROUGH THE ALIMENTARY OR RESPIRATORY TRACT. THIS ROUTE IS CALLED: | PARENTERAL---BY NEEDLE |
| MORE COMMON ROUTES FOR PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION ARE: | SUBCUTANEOUS (HYPODERMIC), INTRAMUSCULAR, INTRADERMAL, INTRAVENOUS |
| INTO THE SUBQ TISSUE, JUST BELOW THE SKIN | SUBCUTANEOUS |
| INTO A MUSCLE | INTRAMUSCULAR |
| UNER THE EPIDERMIS (INTO THE DERMIS) | INTRADERMAL |
| INTO A VEIN | INTRAVENOUS |
| THIS IS ESSENTIAL FOR ALL PARENTERAL THERAPY: (HINT: WHAT TYPE OF TECHNIQUE SHOULD BE USED WITH THE EQUIPMENT?) | STERILE EQUIPMENT AND STERILE DRUG SOLUTION |
| THE MAIN ADVANTAGE OF PARENTERAL ADMINISTRATION IS: | FAST ABSORPTION |
| THESE APPLICATIONS ARE THOSE APPLIED TO A CIRCUMSCRIBED SURFACE AREA OF THE BODY: | TOPICAL |
| SOME EXAMPLES OF TOPICAL APPLICATIONS INCLUDE: | DERMATOLOGIC PREPARTIONS, INSTILLATIONS AND IRRIGATIONS, INHALATIONS |
| THESE ARE ADMINISTERED INTO THE RESPIRATORY TRACT BY A NEBULIZER OR POSITIVE PRESSURE BREATHING APPARATUS. AIR, OXYGEN, AND VAPOR ARE GENERALLY USED TO CARRY THE DRUG INTO THE LUNGS: | INHALATIONS |
| APPLIED TO THE SKIN | DERMATOLIGIC |
| APPLIED INTO BODY CAVITIES OR ORIFICES, SUCH AS THE URINARY BLADDER, EYES EARS, NOSE, RECTUM, OR VAGINA | INSTILLATIONS AND IRRIGATIONS |
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