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chapter3studystack
science
| Term | Definiton |
|---|---|
| traits | characteristics that an organism can pass from parent to offspring |
| heredity | the passing of traits from parent to offspring |
| genetics | the scientific study of heredity |
| purebred | an organism that always produces offspring with the same form of trait as the parent |
| genes | factors that control traits |
| alleles | different forms of a gene |
| dominant allele | the allele whose trait always shows up in the organism where the allele is present |
| recessive allele | the allele whose trait will show up only if the organism does not have the dominant allele |
| greagan mendel | 1851 father of genetics |
| probability | the likelihood that something will occur |
| punnet square | a chart that shows the result from the genetic cross |
| phenotype | an organisms physical apperance |
| genotype | an organisms genetic makeup |
| heterozygous | an organism that has the two of the same alleles for a trait |
| heterozygous | an organism that has two different alleles for a trait |
| codominance | the conditions where the alleles are neither dominant nor recessive |
| hybrid | an organism that has two different alleles for a trait |
| meiosis | the process where chromosome pairs separate and are distributed to two different cells The resulting sex cells have only half as many chromosomes as the other cells in the organism |
| sperm | male sex cell |
| egg | female sex cell |
| zygote | fertilized egg |
| chromosome theory of inheritance | states that genes are carried from parents to their offspring on chromosomes |
| the genetic code | the main function of genes is to control the production of protiens |
| the genetic code | proteins help determine the size shape and other traits of an organism |
| the genetic code | nitrogen bases form ''rungs'' of dna ladder the ladder of the nitrogen bases along a gene form a section of the genetic code that specifies what type of protein to produce |
| protein synthesis | the production of proteins |
| messenger rna | rna that copies the coded message from dna in the nucleus and carries the message in the nucleus |
| transfer RNA | carries amino acid and adds them to the growing protien chain |
| mutation | any change that occurs in a gene or chromosome |
Created by:
telmor
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