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Cell Cycle

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Cell Cycle The process by which cells grow and divide to produce more cells.
Mitosis The phase of the eukaryotic cells cycle in which a single cell divides into two cells.
Interphase The longest phase of the cell cycle, in which the cell grows, performs its functions, and, if it is going to divide, replicates its DNA.
Prophase Th first phase of mitosis in which chromosomes condense, becoming visible, the nuclear membrane dissolves, and the centrosomes move to opposite ends of the nucleus and spindle fibers form.
Metaphase The phase of mitosis where chromosomes line up along an imaginary line (the metaphase plate) in the middle of the cell.
Anaphase The phase of mitosis in which spindle fibers begin to shorten, separating the sister chromatids, and pulling them to opposite ends of the cell.
Telophase The phase of mitosis in which the genetic material has been separated, and the nuclear membrane begins to reform to create two separate, but identical, nuclei.
Cytokinesis The division of the cytoplasm into two separate cells during cellular respiration.
DNA Replication The synthesis of a new DNA molecule that has the same nucleotide sequences as a pre-existing DNA molecule.
Cancer A disease resulting from the uncontrolled growth and division of the cells of a multi-cellular organism.
Binary Fission A from of sexual reproduction where a single-celled organism replicates its DNA and divides into identical cells.
Somatic Cell A cell that is not part of the germ line (i.e., does not give rise to gametes).
Stem Cell An undifferentiated cell than can differentiate into one or more specialized cell types or divide to produce more undifferentiated cells.
Created by: JennaMahmoud
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