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MRMS 7th Earth Sci
Earth Science review for test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is a hot spot volcano? | area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust above it. The Hawaiian Islands are formed by a hot spot volcano. |
| What are pieces of evidence for plate tectonics? | fossils and similar rock formations on different continents, continents fit together like a puzzle, sea floor spreading, mid-ocean ridges, magnetic stripes in the ocean floor, core samples, earthquakes, volcanoes, |
| Why didn't scientists support Wegener's theory of continental drift? | he couldn't explain the forces that push and pull the continents, didn't know the mechanism of convection currents |
| What is subduction? | process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath the ocean floor. |
| What is conduction? | direct transfer of heat through solid materials |
| What is sea-floor spreading? | process that continually adds new crust to the ocean floor. |
| In a convection current, which material rises to surface? | The warmer, less dense material rises. |
| What erupts from the valley of a mid-ocean ridge? | Molten material, lava, magma |
| Which seismic waves would reach a recording station first? | P waves |
| What type of fault is the San Andreas Fault? | strike slip, it is along a transform plate boundary, it is caused by a shearing stress |
| Describe the movement of a compression stress. | it pushes together |
| What type of plate boundary is caused by compression stress? | Convergent, plates pushing together. |
| Which type of stress pulls crust apart? | tension |
| Name the layers of the earth from the outside to inside. | crust, mantle, outer core, inner core |
| Which type of seismic wave cannot move through fluid? | S waves |
| What are the crust and upper mantle called? | lithosphere |
| How were the Himalayan mountains formed? | collision of two continental crusts |
| What is the differences between the focus and the epicenter of an earthquake? | The focus is in the crust where the break occurs. The epicenter is directly above the focus on the surface of the crust. |
| Describe convection. | Heat transferred by the movement of a heated fluid. |
| Name the boundary where two plates pull apart from one another. | divergent. |
| Which type of plate boundary occurs where two plates collide into each other? | convergent |
Created by:
caron.kosters
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