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Rest and Sleep
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| *inactive or mild activity *calm, at ease *relaxed *free of anxiety/worry *things we enjoy | Rest |
| *state of decreased motor activity and perception *body functions slow *metabolism falls by 20-30% *body conserves energy *altered consciousness | sleep |
| what can cause fatigue and irritability | lack of rest |
| true or false rest without sleep is inadequate | true |
| true or false rest restores the body | false |
| true or false sleep restores the body | true |
| leads to fatigue, irritability, and impaired cognition | lack of sleep |
| the body's master clock - the biorhythm based on the day-night pattern in a 24-hour cycle | circadian rhythm |
| what part of you body regulates your sleep pattern | hypothalamus |
| what regulates: heart activity, body temps, hormone secretion, sleep-wake cycle(what makes us feel alert during the day and sleepy at night) | circadian rhythm |
| biological clocks | biorhythms |
| area of the brain that regulates body functions relating to timing | hypothalamus |
| regulated by a cluster of cells in the hypothalamus of the brain stem that respond to changing levels of light | circadian rhythms |
| activated by stimuli from the cerebral cortex "maintaining wakefulness" | reticular formation |
| reticular and cortical neurons | reticular activating system |
| 2 types of sleep | NREM- non-rapid eye movement REM-rapid eye movement |
| Stage _ * transition between wakefulness and sleep *light sleep; can be awakened easily *relaxed but aware of surroundings *groggy, heavy lidded *regular, deep breathing; eyelids open and close slowly | Stage I |
| Stage _ *accounts for about 5% of total sleep *dreams usually not remembered *5-10 min | Stage I |
| Stage _ *light sleep *easily aroused *10-15 min *temp, heart rate, blood pressure decrease slightly *accounts for about 50% of total sleep | Stage II |
| Stage _ *deep sleep *difficult to rouse *parasympathetic nervous system predominates: temp, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure slow even more | Stage III |
| Stage _ *skeletal muscles very relaxed *snoring may occur *accounts for about 8% of total sleep *5-15 min | Stage III |
| Stage _ *the deepest sleep *difficult to awaken *body, mind, and muscles very relaxed *20-50 min | Stage IV |
| Stage _ *paradoxical sleep *REM *less restful sleep than NREM sleep *eyes move rapidly *small muscles twitch *metabolism, temp, pulse, and BP increase *5-30 min | Stage V |
| Stage _ *parasympathetic nervous system still predominates; heart rate and respirations are slow and regular; temp and BP are low *if roused, may be confused *accounts for about 11% of total sleep | Stage IV |
| Stage _ *pulse may be rapid *apnea may occur *gastric secretions increase *large muscle activity and deep-tendon reflexes are depressed *dreaming occurs *if awakened, will react normally *accounts for about 25% of total sleep | Stage V |
| consists of REM and NREM sleep that is repeated 4-6 times | normal sleep cycle |
| *nocturnal wakefulness and agitation *nights and days | sundown syndrome |
| loss of what stages of sleep may cause withdrawal and physical discomfort | Stage III and Stage IV |
| Loss of what may lead to confusion and suspicion | REM sleep |
| What age group requires 16-20 hours of sleep | newborns |
| what age group requires 14-16 hours of sleep | infants |
| what age group requires 12-14 hours of sleep | toddlers |
| what age groups requires 11-13 hours of sleep | preschoolers |
| what age group requires 10-11 hours of sleep | middle to late childhood |
| what age group requires 8-9 hours of sleep | adolescents |
| what age group requires 7-8 hours of sleep | young adults |
| what age group requires 7 hours of sleep | middle aged adults |
| what age group requires 5-7 hours of sleep | older adults |
| 2 types of sleep disorders | dyssomnias and parasomnias |
| insomnia and excessive | dyssomnias |
| patterns of waking behavior that appear during sleep | parasomnias |
| most frequent sleep disorder | insomnia |
| uncontrollable movement of the legs while resting or prior to sleep onset. common in older adults. low levels of iron | restless leg syndrome |
| *result of prolonged sleep disturbances*result from NREM or REM deprivation, or both | sleep deprivation |
| *periodic lack of breathing during sleep*absence of air flow through nose or mouth for at least 10 sec. at a time | sleep apnea |
| oxygen levels in blood drops carbon dioxide level rises | sleep apnea |
| results from back of the mouth relaxing during sleep,obstruction the airway, & vibrating with each breath | snoring |
| uncontrollable episodes of sleep during the day person may sleep well during the night"sleep attacks"genetic defect of central nervous system in which REM sleep cannot be controlled | narcolepsy |
| *sleepwalking*sleep-talking*bruxism*night terrors*REM sleep behavior disorders*enuresis | parasomnisa |
| bruxism | grinding of the teeth while asleep |
| enuresis | wetting the bed while asleep |
| *practicing relaxation techniques before bedtime*maintain a regular schedule for bedtime & awakening*avoid struggling to fall asleep in bed | ways to promote sleep |
| *avoid being too hot or too cold*avoid large meals/spicy foods within 3 hours before bedtime*avoid alcohol, nicotine, & caffeine*medicate*milk | ways to promote sleep |
Created by:
pittsleanne
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