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Science Ch. 4

science ch. 4

TermDefinition
active transport Occurs when a substance passes through the cell membrane with the help of extra energy.
concentration The number of particles of a substance in a given volume.
diffusion A substance naturally moves from an area of higher to lower concentration.
facilitated diffusion Transport proteins help large molecules pass through the cell membranes.
osmosis Diffusion of water.
passive transport Occurs when a substance passes through the cell membrane without needing any energy to pass through.
simple diffusion Occurs when a substance diffuses through a cell membrane without any help from other molecules.
transport The passage of a substance through a cell membrane.
transport protein The proteins that help molecules pass through the membrane.
vesicle transport Some substances may leave or enter the cell by this.
autotroph Living things that make glucose. "Self-feeders"
Calvin cycle Occurs the 2nd stage of photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide is used to produce glucose using the energy stored in ATP and NADPH. The energy is released from these molecules.
chlorophyll Green pigment found in plants.
chloroplast A type of plastid or plant organelle.
glucose simple carbohydrate. Form of energy that is carried in your blood and taken up by your cells.
heterotroph living things that obtain glucose by eating autotrophs. "Other feeders"
light reactions Occurs in the 1st stage of photosynthesis. energy from the sunvis absorbed by chlorophyll.
photosynthesis The process in which glucose is made using energy in light.
stroma Watery fluid found in the chloroplast.
thylakoid Stacks of flattened sacs of membrane found in the chloroplast. They contain chlorophyll.
aerobic Anything that needs oxygen.
anaerobic Anything that doesn't need oxygen.
cellular respiration The process in which cells break down glucose, release energy, and use energy to make ATP.
electron transport The 3rd and final stage of cellular respiration.
fermentation Some organisms produce ATP from glucose anaerobically.
glycolysis The 1st stage of cellular respiration. Glucose splitting.
Krebs cycle The 2nd stage of cellular respiration.
Created by: tmanfred
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