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Cricks Cell Diff

Cricks Cell Differentiation Flash Cards

QuestionAnswer
How many cells does a zygote have when it is first formed? one
How many different cells would a typical human body have? over one trillion
What is the process called when cells divide into 2 equal, new cells? Cleavage
Cells grow into specialized cells that have certain functions? What are examples of types of specialized cells? muscle cells, skin cells, nerve cells, connective tissue cells, etc...
What is the process called where unspecialized cells turn into specialized cells? Differentiation
What causes a cell to begin to differentiate? Growth factors from outside the cell cause genes inside the cell to be turned on or off.
How do genes turning on cause differentiation? When turned on, a gene causes a certain protein to be made by the cell organelles. When turned off, the cell stops making the protein.
Why do proteins cause differentiation? All specialized cells have unique physical properties that help them do their job. The proteins made by the cells determine the physical properties of the cell.
What are some examples of physical properties? Size, elasticity, ability to transmit nerve impulses, ability to make certain molecules etc...
Where were unspecialized cells first discovered? in fetal tissue
What is the name given to stem cells that are found in fetal tissue? Totipotent stem cells
As the stem cells move toward being differentiated, what are the 4 stages it goes through (in order) 1) totipotent, 2) pluripotent 3) multipotent 4) specialized
What is the most versitile type of stem cell used in research? pluripotent
Created by: russcrick
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