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ELL Earth Sci 24
Water in the Atmosphere (Clouds & Fog)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| melting | when a solid absorbs energy and becomes a liquid |
| vaporization | when a liquid absorbs energy and becomes a gas |
| ionization | when a gas absorbs energy and becomes a plasma |
| deionization | when a plasma loses energy and becomes a gas |
| condensation | when a gas loses energy and becomes a liquid |
| freezing | when a liquid loses energy and becomes a solid |
| sublimation | when a solid absorbs energy and becomes a gas (without becoming a liquid first) |
| deposition | when a gas loses energy and becomes a solid (without becoming a liquid first) |
| humidity | the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere |
| saturated | when the atmosphere can hold no more water at its current temperature |
| dew point | the temperature to which air must be cooled to reach saturation |
| cloud | a large mass of atmospheric water droplets formed by condensation |
| condensation nuclei | small particles of ice, salt, dust and other solid matter on which water droplets can collect |
| condensation level | altitude in the atmosphere at which the temperature is cool enough for water droplets to form |
| stratus clouds | "sheetlike" or "layered" clouds found in the lower altitudes of the atmosphere |
| cumulus clouds | "piled" or "cotton-like" clouds found in the middle altitudes of the atmosphere |
| cirrus clouds | "curly" or "feathery" clouds found in the upper altitudes of the atmosphere |
| nimbus | clouds containing rain or snow |
| fog | a mass of atmospheric water droplets found very near the Earth's surface |
| radiation fog | fog formed by direct contact with ground that has a temperature below its dew point (also called ground fog) |
| advection fog | fog formed when warm air moves across a surface having a temperature below its dew point |
| upslope fog | fog forms when air cools as it moves up along land slopes |
| steam fog | thin layer of fog forming when cool air moves over warm inland rivers and lakes |
| precipitation | any moisture that falls from the air to the Earth's surface |
| rain | liquid precipitation |
| drizzle | very small rain droplets |
| snow | precipitation in the form of tiny ice crystals |
| sleet | precipitation in the form of clear ice pellets |
| glaze ice | rain frozen to solid surfaces at or near the ground |
| hail | solid precipitation in the form of lumps of ice |
| cloud seeding | addition of condensation nuclei by human beings in order to increase rain production |
| rain guage | instrument used to measure the amount of rainfall |
Created by:
Jesse Wayland
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