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Earth Science...
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| temperature | `is the average of the kinetic energy of the particles of a substance |
| thermal energy | is the total energy of all the particles in a substance |
| heat | is the amount of thermal energy that transfers from a higher temperature to lower temperature |
| conduction | is the transfer of heat by direct contact |
| convection | is the transfer of heat in fluids |
| radiation | is the transfer of radiant energy by waves |
| what are the five layers of atmosphere? | troposphere,stratosphere, mesosphere,thermosphere, exosphere |
| troposhere | is the lowest layer of the earths atmosphere |
| stratosphere | is the next layer of atmosphere, gets warmer as you go up, dry air and ozone layer here |
| mesosphere | above stratosphere,space debris burns up |
| thermosphere | fourth layer, 80-500km above sea level |
| exosphere | fifth layer (top) |
| insolation | amount of solar radiation that reaches a certain area recieves |
| what is insolation measured with? | watts per square metre |
| angle of incidence | is the angle between a ray reaching a surface and a line perpendicular to that surface |
| radiation budget | it keeps incoming and outgoing energy in balance |
| albedo | describes the amout of radiation reflected by its surface |
| weather | is the condition of the atmosphere in a specific place and at a specific time |
| pressure | the amount of force per unit area |
| atmospheric pressure | is the pressure exerted by the mass of air above the earths surface |
| what are the three things that affect atmospheric pressure? | humidity, altitude and temperature |
| barometer | the measure of atmospheric pressure |
| pascals | unit for measuring atmospheric pressure |
| kilopascals | to measure a very small amount |
| humidity | is the measurement that describes the amount of water vapour in the air |
| specifc humidity | is an indication of the total amount of water vapour in the air |
| dew point | is when the specific humidity equals the capacity of air to hold water at a specific temperature |
| relative humidity | which compared the amount of water vapour in the air could hold if it were totally saturated |
| air mass | is a parcel of air with simular temperature and humidity thoughout |
| wind | is the movement of air from an area of high to low pressure |
| high pressure systems | form when air mass cools |
| low pressure systems | form when air mass warms |
| prevailing winds | are winds that are typical for a location |
| local winds | when mountains , oceans and lakes affect the winds |
| sea breezes | local winds that are caused by different rates in which land and water respond to heating and cooling |
| onshore breeze | warm air rises and is replaced by cool air drawn in from over the ocean |
| offshore breeze | the land cools faster than the nearby water |
| coriolis effect | a phenomenon that causes moving air masses to be deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere |
| jet stream | realatively fast uniform winds that are found in the upper atmosphere in a narrow band |
| climate | describes the average conditions aof a region |
| biogeoclimatic zones | have distinct plants ,soil geography and climate |
| paleoclimatologists | study long term patterns in various regions |
| what are haloncarbons used for? | they are used as refrigerants |
Created by:
Catephant
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