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PSYCexam2
human develop.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| males produce sperm when | at puberty |
| when do females have eggs | when born |
| 1 egg matures each cycle how many days? | 28 days |
| how many sperm per ejac. | 200 million |
| what is secular trent | female body requires certain weight to start cycle. (girls starting soon bc of obesity) |
| how many cant successfully implant | half |
| zygote | 1st two weeks; egg and sperm come together. |
| embryo | 3-9 weekns. |
| fetus | 9 weeks to birth. |
| what is formed with fetus | inner layer, outer layer, organ, all systems |
| cephalocaudal | head down development. middle to out; proximal distal. internal organs before hands and feel |
| whats wrong with age during preg. | more risks involved. older; down syndrom |
| what is optimal age | 22-28 |
| what did John Rousseau say about developing child | nature; bring into world at birth as noble savages |
| babies are born legally blind | 20/500 |
| depth perception | 8 months old. fear |
| temprement | evident at birth |
| what is teratogens | external factors. effects that greatly harm babies and fetus during preg due to mothers external behaviors |
| penicillin is poisonious to some animals but good for? | humans |
| Thalidomide | given for morning sickness |
| what were the effects of thalidomide | affected arms, legs |
| how many babies total effected | 50,000 total |
| DES; prevent miscarrage; diethylstibestrol | abnormalities not appearent until puberty. esp. in girls. |
| what other effects with Diethylstibestrol | abnormal vagina and cervical structures; fertility problems and cervial cancer |
| Valium | tranqulizer "mothers little helper |
| what drug is a lot like alochol:depressant? | Valium |
| Cocaine | social implications and effects for baby |
| what happens with the drug cocaine to babies? | they become addicted at birth. |
| Nicotine has what effect on babies | gets less oxy. and nutrients. less goes to baby; premature |
| what risks go up with pregancy for the baby with Nicotine | asthma, respiratory infections, allergies and SIDS go up |
| alochol acts a | depressant |
| what syndrom is caused with the use to alochol | FAS(fetal alochol syndrom) |
| what is FES? | similiar to down syndrom. likely to be retarded. |
| what are 2 safe drugs to take while pregnant | reg. strength tylenol and mylanta |
| german meales, childhood disease | Rubella |
| Rubella is devasting to | eyes and ears |
| Rubella is often _______ or ______ born | miscarried or still born |
| Genital Herpes cycles are in | outbrakes |
| Baby can pick up genital herpes where | in birth canal |
| Gohorrhea can be picked up where? and what are the effects? | birth canal; lead to blindness |
| HIV and AIDS are passed to baby in what/ | utero, birth and breast milk |
| how long does it take to go from HIV to AIDS | 6 years |
| what are the things you can do to not pass HIV and AIDS to your children | C section, bottle feeding |
| Chiken pox travels though_____ and effects _____, _____ | blood stream. skin and skeletal muscles |
| chiken pox can cause a | still born baby |
| parasite that lives in gut of a cat; excreted in fecal matter | Toxoplasmosis |
| how can you get toxoplasmosis | inhale dust from liter box, gets in blood strem. |
| xray and radiation can lead to | hemophelia, cancer, anemia and genetic mutations |
| what metal can lead to mental retardation | lead |
| stress increase? | b.p, hormone balances and endocrine system circulation problems |
| vernix | waxy sub. on newborns skin |
| Assessment at birth- APGAR | checking vitals such as activity, repiration, heart reate, reflexes and color based on 1- 10 scale. |
| how many neruons at birth | 23 billion |
| what helps connections between the neurons? | brain development |
| what did Jean piaget look at | children and how solved problems and mistakes they make |
| Assimilation vs. Accommodation | accomodation; making room for new info |
| Piagets 0-2 years: | object permance; stranger anxiety. |
| Piagets 2-6/7 years: | egocentrism; language. pretend. think there the center of the world. |
| Piagets 7-11: | conservation: |
| Piagets 12 and older | abstraction though |
| skemas are what? | new info fits in the old. |
| who came up with stranger anxiety | Mary Ainsworth |
| who came up with attachment with the monkey | John Bowbby |
| who came up with imprinting. baby ducks follow there mother? | Conrad Lorenz |
| who had done most research on childrearing | Baumrind |
| Authoritarin | dictator; rules are rules. demand obedience |
| Authoritative | Ive got a say. accomidation will be made |
| Permissive | whatever you want to do is fine |
| 2 parts of Permissive | 1. indulgent: No consequences2. neglectful: i dont care what you do |
| Created psychoslical stages of development; different age different crisis | Erik Erickson |
| 0-1 yr. Erik Erickson | trust v. mistrust |
| 1-2 yr. E.E | autonomy v. shame and doubt |
| 3-5 yr.E.E | initive v. guilt |
| 6- puberty E.E | competence v. inferiority |
| teens and 20ths E.E | indentity v. role confusion |
| 20s and 40s E.E | intimacy v. isolation |
| 40-60 E.E | generativity v. stagnation |
| 60s and up E.E | ingerity v. dispair |
| adolescence is betwee | childhood and adulthood |
| what are primary sex charateristics | reproductive organs, external genitalia |
| secondary sex charateriscis | girls breast/hipboys deep voice/ facial hair |
| menarch | first menstral cycle |
| spermarch | devl. of sperm first ejaculate happens |
| secular trent | girls have menstral 10 11 and 12 |
| what was first to describe adolence | G.Stanly Hall |
| unprotected sex, auto accidents, "its not going to happen to me" | sense of immortality |
| who created egocentrim? and what is it? | David Elkind; people always look at them. imaginary audience |
| Moratorium | gathering info |
| Diffusion | floating from class to class. undecisive. whatever i can get into is fine. |
| foreclosure; | done no exploration but "i want to be a lawyer" |
| there is a gradual declind with men in 40s | sexual peak |
| menopause in women around? | 52 |
| increasing age and decreasing birth rate= | older population |
| Levinson said childhood was from | 0-20 |
| Levinson said early adulthood was from? Mid adult hood?late adulthood? | early; 20- early 40'smid adult hood; early 40s to mid 60slate; early 60s-80s |
| what are physical changes as people get older | loss memory, grey hair, winkles, hearing problems,vision |
| what is dimensia | mental differences that occur. loss of memory learning, self care |
| cheerful/optomistic die quicker in nursing home when | sarcastic and crabby |
| memory defines | who you are. ( how old, and what you might do in future) |
| we notice memory when? | it lets us down |
| take in info is called | encoding |
| sotre it or represent it | storage |
| get it back out later | retrieval |
| encoding is sometimes | automatic and efforful |
| attention is | selective; cannot attend to everything |
| divided attention is | attending many things at the same time. tasks that require little effort |
| noticing the basics. some one you walk past during the day | shallow processing |
| the thing that is reconized or labeled | intermediate processing |
| thing that is made meaningful | deep processing |
| extensiveness of process at any given level. how much you work at it | elaboration |
| more extensive processing= | better memory |
| physical; lines and angles | not very good recall |
| acousitc | the sound of something. bit better recall |
| semantic | meaning of something= better understanding |
| self reffrencing | what is means to me. best from of elaboration |
| memory stroage | how info is retained overtime and how it is represented in memory |
| 3 steps to memory storage | sensoryshort termlong term. |
| sensory memory | breif memory. sec. maybe two |
| short term mem. | up to 30 seconds |
| long term mem. | up to a lifetime |
| info from world in raw form for an instant | sensory info. |
| short term memory what is avg. you remember | 7 + or -2 |
| chunking | groups or letters, numbers, items helps remember |
| rehersal | concious rep |
| propose working memory 3 part system | 1. phonological2. visuopatial3. central executive |
| LTM | relative permant storage of huge amts of info; complex structure; addresses phone numbers, ect |
| facts and general knowledge | episodic |
| meanings of words, events and hand gestures | semantic |
| future memory | prospecitive |
| implicit memory is | procedural |
| how to drive, text, tie shoes is | procedural |
| get a clue or cue or hint, tirggers memory | priming |
| well learned association is called | classical condition |
| where are memories stored | hippocampus |
| process of getting memory back out | memory retreval |
| primacy effect | rem. first words |
| middle words | 40% remerable |
| end | rencency effect: remember last words |
| retreve previously learned info fill in the blanks or essays | recall. |
| identifying learning terms; mutiple choice | recongnition |
| remembering in a similar context or state as when info was encoded. | context and state |
| memories of emotionally significant events | flashbulb memory |
| flashbulb mem. is usualy remembered with more ___ and ____ detail than everyday events | accuracy and vivid |
| emotionally arousing | person trauma. |
| personal trauma is | more detailed and longer lasting. rape or heart attack |
| need or desire that serves to energize behavior and direct it towards a goal | motivation |
| fixed pattern of behavior | instint |
| ex. of instinct | bees making beehives |
| instinct is ______ and _______ | unlearned and occurs for all species members |
| interference has two parst | 1. proactive 2. retroactive |
| proactive interference | things learned eariler interfers with things learned later |
| retroactive interferences | things learned later interfer with things learned eariler |
| repressed memory | easy to create false memories |
Created by:
Mollie28
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