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Unit 2 Vocab Words
Vocabulary words
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biology | study of life |
| Organism | an individual animal, plant, or single-celled life form |
| Biotic (factor) | are the living components of an ecosystem. |
| Abiotic (factor) | abiotic factors are non-living |
| Prokaryotic/Prokaryote | e is a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle. |
| Eukaryotic/Eukaryote | e ells also contain other membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria and the Golgi apparatus, and in addition, some cells of plants and algae contain chloroplasts. |
| Unicellular | Made of a single cell |
| Multicellular | made of many cells |
| Autotrophic/Autotroph | An organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy. Green plants, algae, and certain bacteria are autotrophs. |
| HeterotrophicHeterotroph | Organisms that depend on other organisms for their food |
| Aerobic | process that requires oxygen |
| Anaerobic | This type of respiration happens when oxygen is absent |
| Regulation | a coordinated response to a stimulus |
| Reproduction | the process by which organisms produce new individuals of the same kind |
| Sexual | A mode of reproduction involving the fusion of female gamete (ovum) and male gamete (spermatozoon), which forms a zygote that potentially develops into an offspring genetically distinct from the parent organisms. |
| Asexual | reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes, and almost never changes the number of chromosomes. |
| Nutrition | The process by which a living organism assimilates food and uses it for growth and for replacement of tissues. |
| Excretion | is the process by which metabolic wastes and other non-useful materials are eliminated from an organism. |
| Transport | The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane in the direction opposite that of diffusion, that is, from an area of lower concentration to one of higher concentration |
| Synthesis | The production of an organic compound in a living thing, especially as aided by enzymes. Supplement. |
| Growth | The gradual increase (e.g. in size or number) of an animal or vegetable body over time. (2) The development of an organism, e.g. of a plant from a seed to full maturity. |
| Metabolism | the sum of the chemical reactions that take place within each cell of a living organism and that provide energy for vital processes and for synthesizing new organic material. |
| Homeostasis | the ability to maintain a constant internal environment in response to environmental changes |
| Respiration | a series of chemical reactions that happen inside cells in which food molecules are oxidised to release energy for cell |
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