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Unit 2 (Science)
Weathering Erosion and Deposition
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Weathering | Chemical and physical breakdown of rocks into sediment. Occurs when the rocks environment changes and the rock is exposed to some form of water and air. |
Chemical Weathering | A chemical change within the rocks minerals causing them to fall apart. Most commonly caused by oxidation, hydrolysis, and carbonation. |
Physical Weathering | The process that breaks rocks apart without changing their chemical composition. Caused by: Abrasion-rapidly moving water, glaciers, or wind. Ice Wedging-freezing and thawing. Plant Roots-growing in cracks expand and break rocks. Burrowing and Temp.change |
Erosion | The process that moves bits of rock or soil from one place to another. Erosion is caused by: gravity water wind and ice (glaciers) |
Deposition | The process in which sediments, soil, and rocks are added to a landform such as deltas, flood plains, sand bars, and sand dunes. Occurs when when the forces moving sediments are no longer able to overcome the forces of gravity and friction. |
What affects transportation of sediments? | Running water is the primary agent of erosion. The velocity (speed) or running water depends on gradient (slope) and discharge. (amount of water) |
Features created by wind: | 1. arches 2. sand dunes 3.mushroom rocks |
Features created by gravity: | 1. landslides (fast) 2. mudflows 3. slump/creep (slow) |
Features created by glaciation: | 1. U shaped valley 2. hanging valley 3. horn 4. moraine 5.cirque 6. tarn lake 7. arĂȘte |
Ecoregion | Areas defined by its environmental conditions especially climate, landforms, and soil characteristics. Climate-weather conditions in an area over time. Landforms-crustal material. Soil characteristics-amount of vegetation. |