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6th Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| mantle | a layer of hot rock |
| asthenosphere | the part of the mantle that is made of soft rock that bends like plastic |
| inner core | a dense ball of solid metal |
| radiation | the transfer of energy through empty space |
| heat transfer within a fluid takes place by | convection currents |
| the hypothesis of continental drift is that | the continents were once joined together in a single landmass |
| Pangaea | the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago |
| fossil | any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock |
| mid-ocean ridges | are found in all of Earth's oceans |
| sonar | technology used by scientists used in the mid-1900s to map the mid-ocean ridge |
| subduction | the process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle |
| plate tectonics | the geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion |
| rift valley | forms at a divergent plate boundary |
| in sea-floor spreading | molten material rises from the mantle and erupts along mid-ocean ridges |
| mountain range | produced by a collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary |
| heat transfer | when you touch a hot pot or pan and energy moves from the pot to your hand |
| transform boundary | a place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions |
| using data from seismic waves, geologists have learned that | Earth's interior is made up of several layers |
| most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by | convection currents in the mantle |
| geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth's interior | by recording and studying seismic waves |
| when the heat source is removed from a fluid | convection currents in the fluid will eventually stop |
| the correct order of Earth's layers (starting from the surface) | crust, mantle, outer core, inner core |
| the scientists in the submersible observed at the mid-ocean ridge | rocks formed by the rapid hardening of molten material |
| Alfred Wegener used the following evidence to support his continental drift hypothesis | evidence from landforms, evidence from fossils, and evidence from climate |
| most geologists rejected Wegener's idea of continental drift because | Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents |
| the scientists discovered that the rocks farther away from the mid-ocean ridge were older than those near it by | determining the age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the sea floor |
Created by:
Mrs. Gordon
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