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elimination pt.2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nasogastric tubes | Tube passed through nasopharynx to the stomach. Removes gas, fluids, toxic substances from stomach. |
| Gastric gavage | Delivers fluids or nutrients. |
| Gastric lavage | Used in cases of poisoning or stop GI bleeding, instill into stomach and suctioning it back out, room-temp medications or solutions. |
| Gastric decompression | Removes air and fluids, may help prevent distention, nausea, and vomiting. |
| Fecal incontinence | Inability to control the passage of feces and gas. Often due to antibiotic use. |
| Constipation | Infrequent bowel movements, difficulty in evacuating feces, inability to defecate, and hard feces. Occurs when intestinal motility slows and the body absorbs additional fecal water content. |
| Hemorrhoids | Swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum and anus causing discomfort and bleeding. Internal and external. Heat can provide relief. |
| Flatulence | Presence of air or gas in the intestinal tract. Walking is the most effective to promote peristalsis. |
| Rectal tube | Relieves flatulence. |
| Enema | Instillation of solution into rectum and sigmoid colon to stimulate peristalsis and evacuation of feces. |
| Oil-retention enema | Lubricates rectum and colon. Can be used with digital removal of fecal impaction. |
| Medicated enema | Contains pharmacological therapeutic agents. |
| Tap water enema | Hypotonic solution. Only done once. Risk for water toxicity and circulatory overload. |
| Normal saline enema | Safest, used for infants and children. |
| Fleet enema | Hypertonic solution. Smaller amount of fluid used for procedure. |
| Soapsuds enema | Castile soap added to solution. Add soap after water/saline is already in bag. |
| Harris Flush enema | Helps expel gas. Fluid flows in and out of large intestine stimulating peristalsis. |
| Fecal impaction | Collection of feces in the rectum that forms a mass that becomes so large/hard that the patient is unable to pass it voluntarily. Pt can experience fecal incontinence. Oil-retention enema. |
| Ostomy | A surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening for the elimination of bodily wastes. |
| Colostomy | Surgical creation by cutting the colon and bringing it out through a stoma on the abdominal surface. Liquid-formed stool. |
| Ileostomy | Surgical creation by cutting the ileum and bringing it out through a stoma on the abdominal surface. Liquid stool. |
| Urostomy | Diversion of urine away from a diseased or defective bladder through a surgically created opening in the skin. Aka ileal conduit. |
| Continent ostomies | Surgeries that have eliminated the external pouch. One way valves are created. Allows for patient to insert catheter through stoma and emptying of pouch at regular intervals throughout the day. |
| Kock pouch | Holds small amount of liquid or feces. |
| Orthotopic neobladder | Ileal pouch replaced bladder. Normal voiding. Bladder training necessary. |
Created by:
Emily.meier
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